Harmonic almost complex structures on almost abelian Lie groups and solvmanifolds

An almost abelian Lie group is a solvable Lie group with a codimension one normal abelian subgroup. We characterize almost Hermitian structures on almost abelian Lie groups where the almost complex structure is harmonic with respect to the Hermitian metric. Also, we adapt the Gray–Hervella classification of almost Hermitian structures to the family of almost abelian Lie groups. We provide several examples of harmonic almost complex structures in different Gray–Hervella classes on some associated compact almost abelian solvmanifolds.