代数图像重建和计算机断层扫描的体积积分模型

IF 1 4区 工程技术 Q4 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION Insight Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI:10.1784/insi.2023.65.9.484
R Hanna, M Sutcliffe, D Carswell, P Charlton, S Mosey
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引用次数: 0

摘要

工业计算机断层扫描(CT)作为一种检测技术已经被广泛采用,因为它能够解决小缺陷和对复杂结构进行高分辨率测量。CT数据的重建通常使用滤波后反投影(FBP)方法,如Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK)方法,选择这些方法是因为它们在重建时间和质量之间提供了很好的折衷。最近,随着计算能力的提高,迭代重建算法的研究兴趣又重新抬头。迭代重建算法,如代数重建技术(ART),使用基于线性代数的重建方法,根据探测器处样品的测量衰减和遍历体素网格的射线路径计算来确定体素衰减系数。这为CT重建提供了一个更精确的模型,但代价是计算复杂度和重建时间。现有的ART实现基于二元积分法(BIM)、线积分法(LIM)和面积积分法(AIM)的二维加权模型。对于完整的3D重建,BIM和LIM只提供导致数值不准确的近似值。用于二维重建的AIM在数学上是精确的,但只考虑了二维扇形光束的发散性。对于完整的三维体重建,x射线锥束在各个方向上都是发散的,因此AIM不能以目前的形式应用。本文介绍了一种新的体素加权方法,用于利用ART进行三维体积图像重建,并提供数学上精确的分数体积加权,称为体积积分法(VIM)。提出了一套基于计算机图形学技术的基于散度定理计算的体重构确定射线/体素交点的算法。开发了一套实验配置,与现有方法进行了比较,并给出了结论。优化是通过图形加速实现的。
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Volume integral model for algebraic image reconstruction and computed tomography
Industrial computed tomography (CT) has seen widespread adoption as an inspection technique due to its ability to resolve small defects and perform high-resolution measurements on complex structures. The reconstruction of CT data is usually performed using filtered back-projection (FBP) methods, such as the Feldkamp-Davis-Kress (FDK) method, and are selected as they offer a good compromise between reconstruction time and quality. More recently, iterative reconstruction algorithms have seen a resurgence in research interest as computing power has increased. Iterative reconstruction algorithms, such as the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART), use a reconstruction approach based on linear algebra to determine voxel attenuation coefficients based on the measured attenuation of the sample at the detector and calculation of the ray paths traversing the voxel grid. This offers a more precise model for CT reconstruction but at the cost of computational complexity and reconstruction time. Existing ART implementations are based on the 2D weighting models of the binary integral method (BIM), line integral method (LIM) and area integral method (AIM). For full 3D reconstruction, BIM and LIM only offer approximations leading to numerical inaccuracies. AIM for 2D reconstruction is mathematically exact but considers the divergent nature of a fan beam for 2D only. For a full 3D volumetric reconstruction, the X-ray cone beam is divergent in all directions and therefore AIM cannot be applied in its current form. A novel voxel weighting method for 3D volumetric image reconstruction using ART and providing a mathematically exact fractional volume weighting is introduced in this paper and referred to as the volume integral method (VIM). A set of algorithms is provided based on computer graphics techniques to determine ray/voxel intersections with volume reconstruction computed based on the divergence theorem. A set of experimental configurations is developed to provide a comparison against existing methods and conclusions are provided. Optimisation is achieved through graphic acceleration.
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来源期刊
Insight
Insight 工程技术-材料科学:表征与测试
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
9.10%
发文量
0
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: Official Journal of The British Institute of Non-Destructive Testing - includes original research and devlopment papers, technical and scientific reviews and case studies in the fields of NDT and CM.
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