3D MXenes for supercapacitors: Current status, opportunities and challenges

Being a highly proficient material for electrochemical energy storage systems, MXene is gaining popularity. MXene pseudocapacitive charge storage system with electric double layer behaviour has improved the efficiency of supercapacitors. Furthermore, the proper interlayer spacing and distinct chemistry have enabled batteries to attain high capacity while enabling quick charge-discharge. Such breakthroughs are a result of MXene inherent characteristics, including its strong electrical conductivity, well defined layered structure, and capacity for modification, which allows it to customize electrodes to a particular purpose. Additionally, MXenes have shown their value by allowing supercapacitors and batteries to defy convention and explore the world of hybrid capacitors, micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), and batteries other than Li-ion. This article covers the MXene-based supercapcitor electrodes and difficulties associated with them. By using logical analysis, we also present several important directions for future study that could assist in resolving these issues and enabling the family of MXene materials to reach its full potential.