塞浦路斯沙蝇传播疾病的昆虫学监测和时空风险评估

Maria Christou , Behich Koyutourk , Kardelen Yetismis , Angeliki F. Martinou , Vasiliki Christodoulou , Maria Koliou , Maria Antoniou , Christoforos Pavlou , Yusuf Ozbel , Ozge Erisoz Kasap , Bulent Alten , Pantelis Georgiades , George K. Georgiou , Theodoros Christoudias , Yiannis Proestos , Jos Lelieveld , Kamil Erguler
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摘要

内脏和皮肤利什曼病是塞浦路斯重要的公共卫生问题。虽然这些历来在岛上流行的疾病到1996年几乎已被根除,但最近记录到发病率和地域分布有所增加。利什曼病流行率的上升趋势在很大程度上归因于环境变化,这些变化增加了其病媒白蛉的数量和活动。在这里,我们在岛上进行了广泛的实地研究,绘制了沙蝇动物群图,并将发现的物种的存在和分布与历史记录进行了比较。利用高分辨率气象预报驱动的气候敏感种群动态模型,绘制了木瓜白蛉(Phlebotomus papatasi)和白蛉(P. tobbi)两种重要医学物种的生境偏好图,并以前所未有的时空分辨率预测了木瓜白蛉的季节丰度。我们的纲要记录了18个物种和一个子集的位置,包括那些可能引起公众和兽医健康关注的物种。我们证实了papatasi的广泛分布,特别是在密集的城市化地区,并预测其丰度在夏末在全岛均匀地达到峰值。我们确定了在这一高峰之后,papatasi的潜在活动热点。我们的研究结果为公共卫生规划奠定了基础,并有助于制定有效、高效和环境敏感的战略,以控制沙蝇种群和预防沙蝇传播的疾病。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Entomological surveillance and spatiotemporal risk assessment of sand fly-borne diseases in Cyprus

Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniases are important public health concerns in Cyprus. Although the diseases, historically prevalent on the island, were nearly eradicated by 1996, an increase in frequency and geographical spread has recently been recorded. Upward trends in leishmaniasis prevalence have largely been attributed to environmental changes that amplify the abundance and activity of its vector, the phlebotomine sand flies. Here, we performed an extensive field study across the island to map the sand fly fauna and compared the presence and distribution of the species found with historical records. We mapped the habitat preferences of Phlebotomus papatasi and P. tobbi, two medically important species, and predicted the seasonal abundance of P. papatasi at unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution using a climate-sensitive population dynamics model driven by high-resolution meteorological forecasting. Our compendium holds a record of 18 species and the locations of a subset, including those of potential public and veterinary health concern. We confirmed that P. papatasi is widespread, especially in densely urbanized areas, and predicted that its abundance uniformly peaks across the island at the end of summer. We identified potential hotspots of P. papatasi activity even after this peak. Our results form a foundation to inform public health planning and contribute to the development of effective, efficient, and environmentally sensitive strategies to control sand fly populations and prevent sand fly-borne diseases.

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