乌赞斯基国家自然公园:生态旅游基础设施特点及发展前景

Natalia Habchak, Lidiya Dubis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

的目标。本文的目的是对扎卡尔帕蒂亚州乌赞斯基国家自然公园(以下简称UNNP)边界内生态旅游基础设施的开发和利用的可能性进行科学和实践研究。方法。研究方法的本质是基于整合科学方法来研究区域一级生态旅游基础设施发展的各个方面。主要的研究方法有比较地理法、统计法、描述法、点(评)法和分析法。结果。分析了国内科学家的一些工作,立法,监管,战略和纲领性文件规范自然保护领土内的旅游运动。揭示了研究区生态旅游发展可能性的本质和潜力,以及生态旅游基础设施发挥作用的前提条件。提出了生态旅游基础设施的结构要素,即:生态和认知步道、旅游路线、游客中心、信息旅游中心、特殊装备区、历史文物、旅游住宿和餐饮场所等。以扎卡尔帕提亚州喀尔巴阡山脉地区为例,对喀尔巴阡山脉地区的生态旅游基础设施进行了详细分析。在深入分析的基础上,研究自然和历史文化景点,挑选出研究区域内最受欢迎的旅游路线。除了有趣的旅游对象(自然或历史和文化),生态步道和旅游路线的现状,以及它们的使用模式,都是确定的。分析了自然保护区旅游利用与保护的主要问题及制约因素。详细介绍了乌赞斯基国家自然公园的功能,收集和分析了有关自然和历史文化景点、生态和教育小径和旅游路线的最新资料。创意。确定了“城市化社会-游憩者(旅游者)-自然环境”关系的主要重音。这是第一次选出最受欢迎的旅游目的地,这些目的地拥有适当的基础设施和信息和广告支持。实用价值。强调了生态旅游在开辟新的旅游线路和品牌、创建单一信息空间等方面存在的问题和发展前景。就促进和调节旅游交通、改善生态旅游基础设施、优化领土管理、使保护区接近扎卡尔帕提亚州自然保护区旅游业可持续发展的要求等方面提出了若干建议。
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UZHANSKYI NATIONAL NATURE PARK: FEATURES OF THE ECOTOURISM INFRASTRUCTURE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Aim. The aim of the article is scientific and practical research of the possibilities of development and use of ecotourism infrastructure within the borders of the Uzhanskyi National Nature Park (hereinafter - UNNP) of Zakarpattia oblast. Method. The essence of the research methodology is based on the integration of scientific approaches to the study of various aspects of the development of ecotourism infrastructure at the regional level. The main research methods are comparative-geographical, statistical, descriptive, point (rating) assessment and analytical. Results. A number of works of domestic scientists, legislative, regulatory, strategic and programmatic documents regulating tourist movement within nature protection territories were analyzed. The essence and potential of the research area regarding the possibilities of development of ecological tourism and the prerequisites for the functioning of the ecotourism infrastructure are revealed. The structural elements of the ecotourism infrastructure are singled out, namely: ecological and cognitive trails, tourist routes, visitor centers, informational tourist centers, specially equipped zones, historical and cultural objects, tourist accommodation and catering establishments, etc. The detailed analysis of the ecotourism infrastructure of the UNNP is given, as the example, which is located within the Carpathian region of Zakarpattia oblast. On the basis of thorough analysis, natural and historical and cultural attractions were researched, the most popular tourist routes within the study area were singled out. In addition to interesting tourist objects (natural or historical and cultural), the current state of ecological trails and tourist routes, as well as the mode of their use, are determined. The main issues and limiting factors of tourist use and conservation of nature conservation areas are characterized. A detailed description of the functioning of the Uzhanskyi National Nature Park is provided, the latest material on natural and historical and cultural attractions, ecological and educational trails and tourist routes has been collected and analyzed. Originality. The main accents of the relationship "urbanized society - recreationist (tourist) - natural environment" are determined. For the first time, the most popular tourist destinations with proper infrastructure and informational and advertising support are singled out. Practical value. The problems and prospects of the development of ecotourism related to the opening of new tourist routes and brands, the creation of a single information space are highlighted. A number of recommendations have been proposed regarding the promotion and regulation of tourist traffic, improvement of ecotourism infrastructure, optimal territorial management, and approximation of protected areas to the requirements of sustainable development of tourism in nature conservation areas of Zakarpattia oblast.
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