Overview of the spread of soybean pests in the Russian Federation

Soy is the most demanded and widespread leguminous culture in the world. She received this status due to the rich chemical composition of seeds and its wide use for food, technical and fodder purposes. The sown area under this crop is increasing every year. Soy is an attractive object for many insects. In its agrocenosis there are both useful and harmful species. The object of our research was soybean pests. The article analyzes publications in order to clarify the species composition and distribution of soybean pests in the last century to the present. The paper presents data on the distribution of soy phytophages in the main regions of soybean cultivation in Russia. Among the pests of soybeans in the Russian Federation there are both specialized and multi -stage species: leaf - shocking insects - Lepidoptera (scaly), Coleoptera (hard -winged), Hemiptera (semi -burned -winged), Homoptera (equivalent), Acariformes (ticks), Thysanoptera - thrips (Thrips sp.), insects damaging seeds - diptera (double -winged). The most common phytophages causing significant harm to soybeans in Russia are: Leguminivora glycinivorella Mats., Paraluperodes suturalis nigrobilineatus Motsch., Aphis glycines Mats., Loxostege sticticalis L., Etiella zinckenella Tr., Orthosia ella Butl, Pyrrhia umbra Hufn, Heliothis maritime Grasl. and Tetranychus urticae C.L.Kocn. According to the results of phytosanitary monitoring in 2022 in Primorsky Krai, the most common soybean pests were: soybean striped leaf beetle, polyphagous soybean leaf beetle, soybean moth and various types of bugs.