Structural firefighter personal protective clothing user needs in the US: a mobility perspective

Firefighting involves performing intense physical activity under a wide range of movements; thus, it is essential that firefighting personal protective equipment (PPE) allows for dynamic ergonomic mobility. Little research has been performed on structural firefighting PPE user needs in the United States (US) recently, especially that which has a specific focus on mobility to reduce the high incident rate of firefighter injuries. The purpose of this research was to investigate current structural firefighting personal protective clothing user needs in the US as they relate to ergonomic mobility. An online survey was designed and distributed via fire service organizations across the US to career and volunteer structural firefighters. Four hundred and twenty responses were received regarding the fit, mobility, comfort, and design of current turnout gear. Main areas of fit and mobility improvement were identified in the lower body region, specifically in the crotch area of the pants. Functionality features were also identified with priority given to interface integration, specifically in the hood/collar region, improved closure functionality, and enhanced tool and radio access. Additional comfort enhancing needs were expressed to further reduce heat stress such as clothing ventilation and other passive means of heat loss. This research confirms the continued need for turnout gear fit improvement such that firefighters can perform their jobs while experiencing less mobility restrictions and fewer injuries.