女性劳动力参与的决定因素:面板数据分析

IF 1.6 Q3 BUSINESS Central European Business Review Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI:10.18267/j.cebr.348
Ivana Marjanović, Žarko Popović, Sandra Milanović
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引用次数: 0

摘要

妇女越来越多地参与劳动力市场无疑是过去几十年来欧洲联盟(欧盟)经济演变的主要特征之一。然而,由于现有的人口老龄化和性别就业差距,保持这一增长仍然是一个重要的政策目标。本文旨在利用2000年至2021年期间的面板数据回归分析,分析欧盟国家女性劳动力参与(FLFP)的主要决定因素。通过采用固定效应回归分析,评估了诸如人均国内生产总值、反歧视法、平等机会法和平权行动、妇女参与议会工作、总生育率、带薪育儿假、享有全额养恤金的退休年龄、妇女受教育程度和年净收入等因变量对欧洲联盟女性劳动参与率的影响。此外,对模型进行了鲁棒标准误差估计。实证结果表明,人均国内生产总值、总生育率、男女平等退休年龄、年净收入、女性高中和中学后非高等教育和高等教育入学率是FLFP的重要决定因素,其中所有所述变量都对FLFP率产生积极影响。因此,教育水平、年净收入和性别平等政策的提高会影响妇女更多地参与劳动力市场。这些调查结果显示了提高教育和收入水平的重要性,以及制定适当政策的必要性。对中欧受众的影响:考虑到2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的劳动力市场指标,本研究的结果就欧洲联盟女性劳动力参与的主要驱动因素提供了深刻的发现。
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Determinants of the Female Labour Force Participation: Panel Data Analysis
The growing participation of women in the labour market is undoubtedly one of the main features of the evolution of the economies of the European Union (EU) during the last decades. Nevertheless, maintaining this increase remains an important policy goal due to the existing population ageing and gender employment gap. This paper aims to analyse the main determinants of female labour force participation (FLFP) in the EU countries using panel data regression analysis covering the period from 2000 to 2021. By employing the fixed effect regression analysis, an influence of dependent variables such as GDP per capita, presence of anti-discrimination laws, equal opportunities laws and affirmative action, women's participation in the work of parliament, total fertility rate, paid parental leave, retirement age with full pension benefits, women's education and annual net earnings are assessed on the female labour participation rate in the European Union. Moreover, the robust standard error procedure was performed for model estimation. The empirical results indicate that GDP per capita, total fertility rate, equal age for retirement for men and women, annual net earnings, and female upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education and tertiary education enrolment represent significant determinants of FLFP, where all stated variables have a positive influence on the FLFP rates. Therefore, improvement in education levels, annual net earnings, and gender equality policies influence women to participate more in labour markets. These findings demonstrate the significance of improving education and earnings levels and the necessity of the development of adequate policies that will provide that.
Implications for Central European audience: The results of this study provide insightful findings concerning the main drivers of female labour force participation in the European Union by taking into account the COVID-19 pandemic period's labour market indicators.
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来源期刊
Central European Business Review
Central European Business Review Business, Management and Accounting-Business and International Management
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
7.70%
发文量
27
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