新欧洲包豪斯倡议的关注点是什么?本土知识是走向可持续未来的主要驱动力

Ming Hu , Jakub Świerzawski , Justyna Kleszcz , Piotr Kmiecik
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摘要

新欧洲包豪斯(NEB)的革命性方面和核心价值观受到高度赞扬,但该倡议的成功只能通过其定义这些价值观的方法来判断。当地气候在影响乡土建筑方面发挥着不可分割的作用,其他自然、社会、经济和文化因素也是如此。在新经济政策倡议的网站上,它指出,新经济政策“呼吁我们所有人想象并共同建设一个可持续和包容的未来”,包容性的定义是“鼓励跨文化、学科、性别和年龄的对话”。这种高层次的愿景是积极和令人鼓舞的,但在2021年6月提交给欧盟委员会主席乌苏拉·冯·德莱恩(Ursula von der Leyen)的新能源政策概念文件中概述的详细行动计划,缺乏对如何整合本土知识的真正进化思考。NEB概念文件指出,“前沿技术和本地技术必须同等接受。先进和新兴技术必须与其他当地可获得的工具、技术和战略相平衡。”这种说法的根本问题在于,它将“本土技术”置于“前沿技术”的另一端,表明本土技术并不“先进和新兴”。相反,我们认为本土(或本土理解)是理解建筑环境与自然环境之间共生关系的更先进的科学知识。因此,它应在所有适应和减缓气候变化的努力中发挥主导作用。
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What are the concerns with New European Bauhaus initiative? Vernacular knowledge as the primary driver toward a sustainable future

The revolutionary aspect and core values of the New European Bauhaus (NEB) are highly praised, but the initiative's success can only be judged by its approach to defining those values. The local climate plays an inextricable role in informing vernacular architecture, as do other physical, social, economic, and cultural determinants. On the NEB initiative website, it states that the NEB "calls on all of us to imagine and build together a sustainable and inclusive future," with inclusive defined as "encouraging a dialogue across cultures, disciplines, genders, and ages." Such a high-level vision is positive and encouraging, but the detailed action plans outlined in the NEB concept paper presented in June 2021 to the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, fell short of real evolutionary thinking about how to integrate vernacular knowledge. The NEB concept paper stated, "Both frontier technologies and vernacular techniques must be equally embraced. Advanced and emerging technologies must be balanced by other locally accessible tools, techniques, and strategies." The fundamental problem with such a statement is that it positions "vernacular techniques" at the other end of "frontier technologies," indicating that vernacular techniques are not "advanced and emerging." On the contrary, we believe that vernacular (or indigenous understanding) is the more advanced scientific knowledge in understanding the symbiotic relationship between the built environment and the natural environment.Hence, it should play a leading role in all climate change adaptation and mitigation efforts.

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