System Characteristics, Factors and Threats to the Economic Security of Enterprises

The article emphasizes the relevance of new research in the field of management of economic security of business entities, in the focus of which the leading role is assigned to the characteristics, factors and threats to the economic security of business. The purpose of the study is to generalize system characteristics, factors and threats to the economic security of enterprises. The internal factors that pose a threat to the economic security of enterprises are identified, namely, the structural deformation of the economy inherited from the period of "active reforms", the low competitiveness of the national economy, caused by the backwardness of the technological base of most industries, high energy and resource intensity, a high level of monopolization of the economy, a high level of inflation and others. The classification of threats to the economic security of enterprises according to such features as the degree of predictability, the lag of threat realization, spheres of life activities, the location of threats in relation to the socioeconomic system, the nature of occurrence, the dominance of the regional or national factor in the formation of threats, the degree of probability of occurrence, the factor of influence on the object. The levels of contradictions of the economic interests of the subjects of market relations are shown. It was established that the main task of the economic security of the enterprise is to prevent without special reasons actions that limit the self-organization and self-regulation of economic development and to promote the predictability of activity by means of diagnosing the most significant phenomena and processes for this. It is pointed out that the conditions of economic activity in Ukraine are fundamentally different from the conditions of more developed economies. In connection with this, in the domestic economy there are a number of factors characteristic only for our country, namely the non-obligation and irresponsibility of economic entities, the absence of real economic law, the dependence of a number of managers on the criminal world, the wide spread of methods of unfair competition and others. Accordingly, it was established that ensuring the economic security of the enterprise should be based on the unity of the goals and methods of the government economic policy, both at the national and regional levels.