NATM 隧道大直径长未装药洞口的水平定位跟踪

IF 8.2 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL Underground Space Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI:10.1016/j.undsp.2023.09.003
Min-Seong Kim , Sean Seungwon Lee
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大直径长距离无装药孔钻孔法(LLB)是一种切削爆破法,通过在隧道开挖前在开挖面上打出大直径长距离无装药孔,将爆破引起的振动降至最低。这种方法通常使用一个长 50 米、直径 382 毫米的锤钻头在隧道面水平方向钻孔。然而,由于杆头重量大、单向旋转,以及地质特征、机器状况和操作人员经验不足等变量,导致钻孔与目标钻孔的线形有很大偏差,从而阻碍了未装药钻孔的减振效果。此外,由于在隧道主体施工前没有方法验证钻孔的对齐情况,钻孔错位往往在施工几周后才被发现,这就需要停止隧道施工,直到设备可以重新调配并创建一个额外的钻孔,从而造成整个隧道项目的严重延误和成本增加。在本研究中,开发了钻孔对位跟踪和地面勘探系统(BGS),用于预测和监测掘进后立即进行掘进的掘进质量和对位。随后在地铁施工现场对 BGS 进行了测试,以评估其现场性能。BGS 得出的测量结果与人工测量的钻孔位置进行了比较,沿钻孔每隔 5 米测量一次。虽然 BGS 在钻孔表面相对粗糙的一个局部点显示出约 12% 的最大偏差,但最终钻孔位置的精确度约为 97%,表明对中跟踪系统具有极高的精确度。BGS 在钻孔后立即预测地面状况和切孔质量方面表现出色,在监测钻孔对中的其他各种应用中也大有可为。
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Tracking of horizontal alignment of the long and large diameter uncharged hole in NATM tunnel

The long and large diameter uncharged hole boring (LLB) method is a cut blasting method that minimizes blast-induced vibrations by creating long and large diameter uncharged holes at the excavation face of tunnels prior to tunnel excavation. Drilling in this method typically uses a 50 m long with a 382 mm diameter hammer bit in the horizontal direction at the tunnel face. However, the significant weight and uni-directional rotation of the rod head, as well as variables such as geological characteristics, machine conditions, and inexperienced operators result in significant deviation from the target borehole alignment that hinders the vibration-dampening effect of the uncharged holes. Furthermore, since there is no method to verify the alignment of the boreholes until main tunnel construction, borehole misalignment is often not discovered until weeks after construction, which requires tunnel construction to cease until the equipment can be remobilized and an additional borehole be created, causing significant delays and increased costs for the entire tunnel project. In this study, the borehole alignment tracking and ground exploration system (BGS) is developed to predict and monitor the quality and alignment of boreholes for cut blasting methods such as the LLB methods immediately after boring. The BGS was subsequently tested at a subway construction site to evaluate its performance in the field. The measurements yielded by the BGS were compared with manually measured boring positions at every 5 m along the borehole. Although the BGS showed a maximum deviation of approximately 12% at a local point where the hole surface was relatively rough, the accuracy for the final boring position was approximately 97%, demonstrating excellent precision of the alignment tracking system. The BGS demonstrates excellent performance in predicting ground conditions and the boring quality of a cut hole immediately after drilling, and shows promise in various other applications for monitoring borehole alignment.

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来源期刊
Underground Space
Underground Space ENGINEERING, CIVIL-
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
14.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
63 days
期刊介绍: Underground Space is an open access international journal without article processing charges (APC) committed to serving as a scientific forum for researchers and practitioners in the field of underground engineering. The journal welcomes manuscripts that deal with original theories, methods, technologies, and important applications throughout the life-cycle of underground projects, including planning, design, operation and maintenance, disaster prevention, and demolition. The journal is particularly interested in manuscripts related to the latest development of smart underground engineering from the perspectives of resilience, resources saving, environmental friendliness, humanity, and artificial intelligence. The manuscripts are expected to have significant innovation and potential impact in the field of underground engineering, and should have clear association with or application in underground projects.
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