Weak signal detection in the Hodgkin-Huxley neural network with channel blocks under electromagnetic stimulus

Neurons can detect weak signals in noisy cellular environments and complex backgrounds. Channel blocks have a great impact on the initiation and propagation of action potentials for neurons. The effects of channel blocks and electromagnetic stimulus on weak signal detection are studied in Hodgkin–Huxley neuronal network. The results suggest that the weak signal detection and the neural discharge behaviors of the neural network can be suppressed by the sodium channel blockage, whereas the block of potassium channels will have a positive impact on the signal detection and neuronal firing. For moderate membrane patch size, there is an optimal ratio of non-blocked potassium channels that maximize improvement in the detection of weak signals and the regularity of the neuronal activities. The combined influence of the two channel blocks on weak signal detection can be modulated by the ratio between the number of the sodium channels and potassium channels that function properly. The electromagnetic stimulus can significantly ameliorate the damage caused by the poisoning of sodium ion channels. In addition, synchronization of the neural network can promote weak signal detection.