The middle-lower-levels capital officials and official tenure age in late Qing Dynasty

The number of capital officials is relatively fixed in the early and medium of Qing Dynasty. Since Xianfeng year, the number of the officials in the capital became unprecedentedly inflated. This essay analyzes the capital middle-lower-levels officials in number changing and its reasons, to clarify the reason of the increasing candidates in late Qing Dynasty in three aspects. The design of bureaucracy in Qing Dynasty protected the benefits of the nation, and the Manchus dominated the vacancy, selection and promotion from the analysis of candidates’ number and the official tenure age of the officials in the capital.