萨赫勒地区塞内加尔藜间作珍珠粟根区土壤微生物群落沿降雨和土壤类型梯度的变化

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 SOIL SCIENCE Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI:10.1002/saj2.20494
Laura Mason, Spencer Debenport, Chelsea DeLay, Ibrahima Diedhiou, Brian B. McSpadden Gardener, Komi B. Assigbetsee, Virginia Rich, Richard P Dick
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引用次数: 0

摘要

西非萨赫勒地区脆弱的农业生态系统威胁着粮食安全。一个潜在的解决方案是与当地灌木guera senegalensis J.F. Gmel间作。先前的研究表明,优化灌木间作系统(OSS)(灌木密度为~ 1,500 ha - 1,混交残茬)可以显著提高珍珠粟[Pennisetum glaucum (L.)]的产量。r . Br。这是由于土壤质量、养分和水分供应的改善,以及拥有独特的微生物群落。这种反应是否在农民田间的气候和土壤类型梯度上是一致的尚未进行调查。因此,本研究旨在确定塞内加尔藜对稻田谷子根区土壤化学、酶活性、微生物组和代谢途径的影响。该试验采用三乘二因子法,在塞内加尔花生盆地沿南北梯度的三个降雨和土壤类型地点和两个采样地点(受塞内加尔花生影响的谷子根区土壤内外)进行。塞内加尔圭亚那改变了某些预测的细菌代谢途径,丰富了一些细菌和真菌属。值得注意的是,G. senegalensis增加的作物生长与具有植物生长促进特性的属的丰度呈正相关(例如,肠杆菌和Paraburkholderia)。Paucibacter是一种具有有害和/或致病特性的属,在非灌木土壤中非常丰富,但在灌木下完全被抑制。结果表明,即使是在典型的低密度、每年焚烧秸秆的情况下,senegalensis仍能提高土壤的化学和微生物特性,这表明比凋落物更重要的因素是灌木根系的存在,它们提供根系翻转和渗出物,并通过液压升降机输入水分。
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Microbial community shifts in pearl millet root zone soils with Guiera senegalensis intercropping along a rainfall and soil type gradient in the Sahel
Abstract The Sahel of West Africa has vulnerable agroecosystems that threatens food security. A potential solution is intercropping with the indigenous shrub, Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. Previous research of the Optimized Shrub‐intercropping System (OSS) (high density of ∼1,500 shrubs ha ‐1 and coppiced residue incorporation) has been shown to dramatically improve pearl millet [ Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] yield, which is attributed to improved soil quality, nutrient and water availability, and harboring a distinct microbial community. Whether this response is consistent over a climate and soil type gradient in farmers’ fields has not been investigated. Therefore, the objective was to determine the impact of G. senegalenis on soil chemistry, enzyme activity, microbiomes, and metabolic pathways of millet root zone soils in farmers’ fields. The experiment was a three‐by‐two factorial with three rainfall and soil type sites along a north–south gradient in the Senegal Peanut Basin and two sampling locations (millet root zone soil within and outside the influence of the G. senegalensis ). Guiera senegalensis shifted certain predicted bacterial metabolic pathways and enriched some bacterial and fungal genera. Notably, the increased crop growth due to G. senegalensis positively correlated with the abundance of genera having plant growth promoting properties (e.g., Enterobacter agglomerans and Paraburkholderia ). Paucibacter , a genera that has deleterious and/or pathogenic properties, was highly abundant in non‐shrub soil but completely suppressed beneath the shrub. The results showed that G. senegalensis in farmers’ fields even at typical, low densities, where coppiced residues are annually burned, still increased soil chemical and microbial properties, suggesting that a more important factor than litter is the presence of shrub roots that provide root turnover and exudates, and water inputs through hydraulic lift.
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来源期刊
Soil Science Society of America Journal
Soil Science Society of America Journal 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.40%
发文量
130
审稿时长
3.6 months
期刊介绍: SSSA Journal publishes content on soil physics; hydrology; soil chemistry; soil biology; soil biochemistry; soil fertility; plant nutrition; pedology; soil and water conservation and management; forest, range, and wildland soils; soil and plant analysis; soil mineralogy, wetland soils. The audience is researchers, students, soil scientists, hydrologists, pedologist, geologists, agronomists, arborists, ecologists, engineers, certified practitioners, soil microbiologists, and environmentalists. The journal publishes original research, issue papers, reviews, notes, comments and letters to the editor, and book reviews. Invitational papers may be published in the journal if accepted by the editorial board.
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