Biosynthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) using sodium lignosulfonate and evaluation of its cutaneous wound healing properties

Repairing cutaneous wounds imposes a lot of cost on the country every year. Also, cutaneous wounds healing is delayed for various reasons such as the accumulation of free radicals, hospital infections, lack of sufficient moisture, traditional dressings, etc. Therefore, treatment methods need to be reviewed. In recent years, a wide range of copper ointments or silver-releasing compounds have been prepared and used. These ointments have overcome some of the problems associated with copper preparation. In the current work, an environment-friendly a green procedure was described for fabrication of CuO NPs by using sodium lignosulfonate as a capping/stabilizing reagent under alkaline medium. The characterization of prepared CuO NPs@NaLS were analysed using SEM, EdaX, ICP-OES, elemental mapping and TEM data. The FE-SEM and TEM results show that the CuO NPs@NaLS formed as spherical NPs with size of 20–30 nm. According to the elementaling map analysis, the Cu and C were existence with good dispersion that detected by EDX in the composite. In this study, ointments with a concentration of 0.1% were prepared from nanoparticles based on basal ointment (as the main substance that keeps the medicine on the wound) and used as a topical application. In this way, on the second day, angiogenesis (angiogenesis) and the severity of edema and edema, on the fifth day, fibroblasts, and on the tenth, fibrocytes and collagen fibers were examined. According to the present study results, the skin wound area in the rats treated with topical use of NPs was significantly reduced, and in terms of histopathology, it showed more improvement compared to other groups. Overall, the results of this study show that recent nanoparticles can be used as a fast and effective treatment for skin wounds healing.