Insights from the Silviculture of Different Asian and European Countries: National Forest Harvesting Strategies and New Approaches

As the forestry approaches have been formed according to the demands and aspirations of the society, the forest sector implies different concerns such as social, economic, and environmental. Harvesting and extraction of wood at low-cost, protection of stands against degradation and changes in land use, proper implementation of afforestation and forest extension, conservation of endemic species, preservation of soil, providing jobs, and supporting national and domestic development were the cases that, depending on the time and area conditions, have a different priority for foresters. Of course, all this has always been discussed by the shareholders in the forest sector with the main attention to forest sustainability. But the question is: are forestry approaches compatible with the changes in the world today? Today, with increasing environmental concerns, as discussed at the Glasgow 2021 Conference, the importance of forests and their protection has doubled, and it seems that forestry practices in the world need a new approach. In addition to climate change, increasing human population and regional and global economic changes affect the use of forests and the form of forest management and utilization. This paper aimed to take an analytical look at this issue and examine the current situation in five countries. It was also targeted with the help of the DPSIR Framework to elaborate the social consequences of the situation and analysis was presented about what to do or not. The emphasis of this paper is that forest managers and policymakers need to modify and adapt the plans and methods in a way that is appropriate to the progress of time and its changes, while protecting forests and ensuring their sustainability, limiting non-professionals from involving directly in the decision-making process.