Geodetic Applications and Improvement of the X- and L-Method of Deformation Analysis

Monitoring displacements of the object can be performed using geodetic methods by selecting reference points on the surrounding terrain and points on the object that discretely describe the object’s behavior. The measurements are repeated in several epochs. By analyzing the geodetic network we can determine the status of a single point, i.e., whether the point has moved or not. The article discusses the testing of congruence, the testing of transformation of a single triangle, and the calculation of other deformation parameters in 2D networks resulting from the changes of points coordinates between two epochs. This is essentially the content of the Munich deformation method presented by W.M. Welsch, which includes the X- and L-method. The article also proposes some corrections to the original Munich approach. Finally, the applicability of the method is shown on a well-known practical example.