气氛、情绪和科学解释

IF 2.4 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Frontiers in Computer Science Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI:10.3389/fcomp.2023.1154737
David Kirsh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在本文中,我将考虑科学理论如何解释建筑氛围。建筑师使用氛围来指代空间的整体、突现性,它在一定程度上决定了居住者的情绪。它被认为是一个“微妙的、无形的、环境质量的地方”,也显著地塑造了我们与空间互动的方式。它是由光线、纹理、材料、布局、几何、声学、气味等感性属性的影响而引起的。但由于它们之间的非线性相互作用,它超出了这些个体。在第一节和第二节中,我解释了大气的外在主义描述是什么样子的。这是一种将大气物化的解释,将其视为建筑和空间的复杂因果属性,可以通过人种学研究进行科学研究,通过量化和细致地观察和记录人类和他们所在的建筑,然后使用机器学习和统计分析来识别相关性。我们的目标是尽可能地推动对潜在外部属性的识别,最终使机器能够进入一个房间,四处移动,然后标记其环境。在第三部分中,我探讨了一种内部主义或主观主义的大气描述。这是阻碍机器识别大气的位置。主观主义的解释更难科学地研究,因为它涉及到对一个人的内心状态和历史的太多了解。文化、进入的情绪、先前的经验和联想、兴趣、任务、社会互动等等都可能影响情绪。第四部分探讨了经常被低估的角色——情感和空间理解——居住者在空间中执行的任务所扮演的角色,以及他们周围的社会和技术背景对他们相遇的影响。我介绍并捍卫这样一种观点,即任务、社会背景和附近的技术将一个人置于与不活动时不同的环境中。这使得寻找大气层变得复杂。尽管如此,我还是乐观地指出,在建筑神经科学中可能会有大气的一席之地,但它将与我们目前的想法大不相同。
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Atmosphere, mood, and scientific explanation
In this article, I consider how scientific theories may explain architectural atmosphere. Architects use atmosphere to refer to a holistic, emergent property of a space that partly determines the mood of inhabitants. It is said to be a “subtle, intangible, ambient quality of a place” that also significantly shapes the way we interact with a space. It is caused by the way light, texture, materials, layout, geometry, acoustics, smell, and other perceptual properties influence affect. But it goes beyond these individually because of non-linear interactions between them. In sections one and two, I explain what an externalist account of the atmosphere would look like. This is an interpretation that objectifies the atmosphere, treating it as a complex causal property of buildings and spaces, accessible to scientific study through ethnographic research, through quantifying and minutely observing and recording humans and the buildings they are in, and then using machine learning and statistical analyses to identify correlations. The goal is to push the identification of the underlying external attributes as far as possible, ultimately to where a machine might enter a room, move around, and then label its atmosphere. In section three, I explore an internalist or subjectivist account of the atmosphere. This is the position that pushes back on machine identification of atmospheres. A subjectivist interpretation is harder to study scientifically because it involves knowing so much about the inner state and the history of a person. Culture, incoming mood, prior experience and associations, interests, tasks, social interaction, and more may all affect mood. Section four explores the frequently underestimated role—on emotion and space comprehension—played by the tasks that occupants perform while in a space, and the way their surrounding social and technological context intrudes on their encounter. I introduce and defend the view that tasks, social context, and nearby technology situate a person in a different environment than when they are inactive. This complicates the search for atmosphere. Nonetheless, I end on an optimistic note that there may yet be a place for atmosphere in the neuroscience of architecture, but it will be much different than our current thinking.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Computer Science
Frontiers in Computer Science COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS-
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
152
审稿时长
13 weeks
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