Improvement of Digest2 NEO Classification Code—utilizing the Astrometry Data Exchange Standard

Abstract We describe enhancements to the digest 2 software, a short-arc orbit classifier for heliocentric orbits. Digest 2 is primarily used by the Near-Earth Object (NEO) community to flag newly discovered objects for a immediate follow-up and has been a part of NEO discovery process for more than 15 yr. We have updated the solar system population model used to weight the digest 2 score according to the 2023 catalog of known solar system orbits and extended the list of mean uncertainties for 140 observatory codes. Moreover, we have added Astrometry Data Exchange Standard (ADES) input format support to digest 2, which provides additional information for the astrometry, such as positional uncertainties for each detection. The digest 2 code was also extended to read the roving observer astrometric format as well as the ability to compute a new parameter from the provided astrometric uncertainties ( RMS ′ ) that can serve as an indicator of in-tracklet curvature when compared with tracklet’s great-circle fit rms. Comparison with the previous version of digest 2 confirmed the improvement in accuracy of NEO identification and found that using ADES XML input significantly reduces the computation time of the digest 2.