Jun Han, Wenrou Tian, Ye Miao, Najun Li, Dongyun Chen, Qingfeng Xu, Hua Li and Jianmei Lu
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Flexoelectricity in hydroxyapatite for the enhanced piezocatalytic degradation of phenanthrene in soil†
Coupling the effects of flexoelectricity with piezoelectricity has been proved to effectively harvest mechanical energy. In this study, a composition-graded core–shell structure (HAP@FAP) was prepared by surface-gradient F-doping in hydroxyapatite, which could introduce flexoelectricity by a built-in strain gradient. A flexoelectric-boosted piezoelectric response was demonstrated by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) characterization, showing that the piezoelectric constant of HAP@FAP was increased by 2.25 times via a lattice strain gradient induced by chemical heterogeneities derived from the unique composition-graded core–shell structure. Thus, the piezocatalytic activity of HAP@FAP for phenanthrene (PHE) degradation in soil was enhanced. This work provides a new strategy for the modification of piezoelectric catalysts for the remediation of organics-contaminated soils on industrial land.
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