揭示世界万寿菊(Calendula officinalis L.)种质中脂肪酸受基因型影响的植物化学变异

Muzaffer BARUT, Leyla Sezen TANSI, Şengül KARAMAN
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引用次数: 0

摘要

万寿菊是一种一年生草本药用和芳香植物,原产于地中海地区。虽然万寿菊花已经引起了相当大的关注,但万寿菊种子值得注意的特性往往被忽视。由于万寿菊种子中含有月历酸,工业部门对万寿菊有着浓厚的兴趣。此外,月枣酸显示出有希望的抗癌特性,增加了人们对这种植物药用潜力的兴趣。本研究以来自15个不同国家的31个万寿菊基因型种子为实验材料。种子含油量变化范围为6.00% ~ 20.33%,平均值为11.59%。采用GC/MS分析评价与基因型变化相关的化学变异。其中,α-月枣酸(6.91% ~ 51.42%)、亚油酸(30.50% ~ 48.25%)、油酸(8.26% ~ 22.50%)和棕榈酸(3.86% ~ 9.28%)为主要脂肪酸类型。特别值得注意的是PI 420376、PI 545694、PI 545701、PI 578109、PI 597588、PI 597591和PI 597594基因型的出现,其月历酸含量超过50%。此外,月历酸的值在不同国家表现出显著的差异。这个范围从显示较低数值的英国延伸到加拿大的安大略,它代表数值明显较高的国家。因此,有必要通过战略性植物育种技术提高万寿菊中月枣酸的比例。这可以通过选育高月枣酸含量的万寿菊品种来实现。
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Unveiling the phytochemical variability of fatty acids in world marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) germplasm affected by genotype
Marigold is an annual herbaceous medicinal and aromatic plant, native to the Mediterranean region. Although marigold flowers have attracted considerable attention, the noteworthy characteristics of marigold seeds have often been overlooked. The industrial sector holds keen interest in marigold due to the presence of calendic acid in its seeds. Moreover, calendic acid exhibits promising anti-cancer properties, adding to the growing interest in the medicinal potential of this plant. In this study, a total of 31 marigold genotype seeds from fifteen different countries were used as experimental material. The observed seed oil content exhibited a range of values spanning from 6.00% to 20.33%, with a mean value of 11.59%. GC/MS analysis was conducted to evaluate the chemical variability associated with genotypic changes. Notably, the main fatty acids observed in the oil of these genotypes were α-calendic acid (ranging from 6.91% to 51.42%), linoleic acid (ranging from 30.50% to 48.25%), oleic acid (ranging from 8.26% to 22.50%), and palmitic acid (ranging from 3.86% to 9.28%). Particularly noteworthy is the emergence of genotypes PI 420376, PI 545694, PI 545701, PI 578109, PI 597588, PI 597591, and PI 597594, boasting calendic acid content exceeding 50%. Furthermore, the values of calendic acid exhibit significant variation across countries. The range extends from the United Kingdom, displaying one of the lower values, to Ontario, Canada, which represents countries with notably higher values. Consequently, there exists a necessity to enhance the proportion of calendic acid within marigold through strategic plant breeding techniques. This can be achieved through the selection and development of marigold cultivars with higher calendic acid contents.
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