Analysis of Muscle Activity During Rowing Stroke Phases

Purpose Rowing engages large muscle groups, and EMG analysis is used to assess athletes' condition and refine sports technique. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the muscle activation level during different phases of the rowing cycle on an ergometer. Methods In a study involving one professional and five amateurs, the mean EMG amplitudes from the quadriceps, gastrocnemius, biceps, and triceps brachii were analyzed during different phases of rowing. A comparison was made between the degree of muscle engagement during the exercise between the professional and inexperienced individuals, as well as among the different individuals during recordings obtained at different rowing speeds. The correlation coefficient between the values recorded using a strain gauge and the EMG amplitude recorded from the surface of the biceps and triceps brachii muscles was evaluated. Results The muscle activation pattern during rowing has a predictable character. A difference in the muscle activation pattern during rowing between the professional and amateurs was observed. The EMG signal is correlated with the force recorded by the resistive strain gauge only in the experienced rower at a pace of 20 and 25 cycles per minute. Conclusions Electromyographic analysis can be useful for assessing the correctness of rowing techniques. The activation pattern of muscles during rowing has a predictable nature. The force generated by the participants increases with an increase in rowing frequency.