降低心肌梗死死亡率的现代方法。应该做些什么?

Q4 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI:10.18699/ssmj20230501
O. L. Barbarash, T. B. Pecherina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

心肌梗死是冠状动脉疾病的可怕表现,占冠状动脉疾病相关死亡的三分之一。在俄罗斯,每年有40至50万急性冠状动脉综合征患者住院,其中约一半患有心肌梗死(MI)。近年来住院人数的动态表明,住院人数在减少。急性心肌梗死后的短期死亡率(30天,包括住院死亡率)在过去50年中显著下降:按绝对值计算,从1950年的30%降至目前的5 - 8%。然而,心肌梗死后的长期死亡率没有改善。此外,近年来,心肌梗死30天死亡率的下降速度显著下降,在过去15年中几乎达到了“平台期”。已经确定,就对劳动人口的生存、残疾和生活质量的影响而言,心肌梗死不仅是一个重要的医疗问题,也是一个重要的社会问题。这篇文献综述讨论了降低心肌梗死死亡率方法的变化,以及过去50年来循证心脏病学的主要事件,这些变化使得有效管理这类患者的死亡风险成为可能。
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Modern ways to reduced mortality of myocardial infarction. What should be done?
Myocardial infarction is a formidable manifestation of coronary artery disease and accounts for one third of deaths associated with coronary disease. In Russia, from 400 to 500 thousand patients with acute coronary syndrome are hospitalized annually, about half of them with myocardial infarction (MI). The dynamics of the number of hospitalized patients in recent years indicates its reduction. Short-term mortality (30-day, including hospital mortality) after acute MI has decreased significantly over the past 50 years: in absolute terms from 30 % in 1950 to 5–8 % at present. However, long-term mortality after MI did not improve. Moreover, in recent years, the rate of decline in 30-day mortality from MI has decreased significantly, almost reaching a “plateau” over the past 15 years. It has been established that in terms of the impact on survival, disability and quality of life of the working population, MI is an important not only medical but also social problem. This review of the literature discusses changes in approaches to reducing mortality in MI, as well as the main events in evidence-based cardiology over the past 50 years, which have made it possible to effectively manage the risk of death in this category of patients.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
54
审稿时长
12 weeks
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