评估使用战术核武器对核爆炸地区的人口和基础设施造成的后果

IF 0.4 Q4 PHYSICS, NUCLEAR Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI:10.15407/jnpae2023.03.267
O.L. Turovsky, E.V. Havrylko, O.M. Pankratov, L.A. Ustinova, B.D. Khalmuradov, V.L. Bohaienko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

分析了威力为0.1 ~ 10 kt的战术核弹药在破坏军事设施及对民用社区人口和基础设施人员的附带伤害时的核爆炸打击因素的特点,并对其形成过程进行了分析。计算了战术核武器应用区域内可能对人口、居民楼、人员和关键基础设施产生负面影响的空气冲击波作用区参数、穿透辐射流、光脉冲能量束流以及该区域放射性污染区的尺寸等数据。结果表明,受空气冲击波影响的区域,根据战术核弹药的爆炸类型及其威力的不同,可以达到3100米的半径。在距离核爆炸中心440米至3700米的范围内,将观察到位于开放区域的人口和人员受到危险的光脉冲伤害。核爆炸的穿透辐射对关键基础设施的人口和人员的负面影响将在560至1300米的距离上观察到,这取决于爆炸的类型和战术核弹药的威力。在战术核弹药爆炸的情况下,将观察到对关键基础设施对象的人口和人员的最严重辐射损害程度的放射性污染区的尺寸,其在该地区的开放位置,取决于爆炸的功率和类型,可以达到1400至2600米。在平均风向3.4 ~ 44.0 km范围内,需要优先进行人口立即疏散。经确定,相对于战术核弹药核爆炸的其他类型令人印象深刻的因素,该地区的放射性污染规模将具有负面影响地区规模的最大值。在邻近使用特定弹药地区的大片地区,将产生严重的负面辐射效应,这将需要采取辐射防护措施和疏散人口。
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Assessment of the consequences of the use of tactical nuclear weapons on the population and infrastructure in the regions of a nuclear explosion
The article analyzes the process of formation and establishes the characteristics of the striking factors of a nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition with a power of 0.1 to 10 kt when damaging military facilities and the accompanying damage to the population of civilian communities and personnel of infrastructure facilities. Calculated are data on the parameters of air shock wave action zones, penetrating radiation flow, light pulse energy beam flow, and the dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination of the area, which can create a negative impact on the population, residential buildings, personnel, and critical infrastructure facilities in the area of application of tactical nuclear weapons. It is shown that the zone affected by an air shock wave, depending on the type of explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition and its power, can reach a radius of up to 3100 m. Dangerous light pulse damage to the population and personnel located in the open area will be observed at a distance of 440 to 3700 m from the epicenter of the nuclear explosion. The negative impact of the penetrating radiation of a nuclear explosion on the population and personnel of critical infrastructure facilities will be observed at distances from 560 to 1300 m, depending on the type of explosion and the power of the tactical nuclear ammunition. The dimensions of the zone of radioactive contamination, in the case of the explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition, in which the most severe degree of radiation damage to the population and personnel of critical infrastructure objects will be observed, with their open location in the area, depending on the power and type of explosion, can reach from 1400 to 2600 m. And the zone in which it is necessary to carry out the priority immediate evacuation of the population can be from 3.4 to 44.0 km in the direction of the average wind. It was determined that the scale of radioactive contamination of the area will have the greatest values of the size of the areas of negative impact relative to other types of impressive factors of the nuclear explosion of tactical nuclear ammunition. In large areas of the regions adjacent to the area of application of the specified ammunition, a significant negative radiation effect will be created, which will require measures of radiation protection and evacuation of the population.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
33.30%
发文量
10
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: The journal Nuclear Physics and Atomic Energy presents the publications on Nuclear Physics, Atomic Energy, Radiation Physics, Radioecology, Engineering and Methods of Experiment. The journal includes peer-reviewed articles which are completed works containing new results of theoretical and experimental researches and are of interest for the scientists, postgraduate students, engineers and for the senior students.
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