素质提升教育的理论与实践方法。

Joanne Mendoza MD, FAAP , Elisa Hampton MD, FAAP , Lori Singleton MD, FAAP
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引用次数: 0

摘要

质量改进(QI)知识和技能是各级医生培训所必需的。系统改进工作需要包括了解卫生差距和设计减少这些差距的干预措施,因此需要将卫生公平纳入全民健康教育。付款人、认证机构和卫生系统对质量保证体系的重视导致需要制定满足不同学习者需求的质量保证体系课程。本文提出了一个理论背景和实践工具,用于设计、实施和评估横跨医生培训范围的QI教育计划,强调以能力为基础的教育和持续实践改进的目标。基于实践的学习和改进以及基于系统的实践是准备实践的两个核心能力领域。这些能力可以通过卫生系统科学框架来满足,该框架旨在研究改善患者护理和卫生保健服务,并结合气科学。课程应包括对QI理论和原理的互动学习,以及与多学科团队一起指导、体验QI项目工作。QI项目经常发展想法并实施改变,但在研究干预影响或达到患者结果水平方面往往不一致。课程设计应结合成人学习原则、基于能力的医学教育、环境和受众因素以及内容交付格式。主要的QI主题以及它们如何适应临床环境和提供的教学资源,以及教师发展的选择。介绍了评估方法,以及评估学习者的信念和态度、QI原则的知识和应用、项目评估、能力和课程评估的工具。如果目标是授权下一代变革推动者,那么仍然需要发展科学方法和学术工作,以及教师发展和机构的支持。
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A theoretical and practical approach to quality improvement education

Quality Improvement (QI) knowledge and skills are required at all levels of physician training. System improvement efforts need to include understanding of health disparities and design of interventions to reduce those disparities, thus health equity needs to be integrated into QI education. Payors, accreditation bodies and health systems’ emphases on QI result in the need for QI curricula that meet the needs of diverse learners. This article presents a theoretical background and practical tools for designing, implementing, and evaluating a QI educational program across the spectrum of physician training with an emphasis on competency-based education and a goal of continuous practice improvement. Practice-based learning and improvement and systems-based practice are two core domains of competencies for readiness to practice. These competencies can be met through the health systems science framework for studying improvement in patient care and health care delivery coupled with QI science. Curricula should incorporate interactive learning of theory and principles of QI as well as mentored, experiential QI project work with multidisciplinary teams. QI projects often develop ideas and implement changes but are often inconsistent in studying intervention impacts or reaching the level of patient outcomes. Curriculum design should incorporate adult learning principles, competency based medical education, environmental and audience factors, and formats for content delivery. Key QI topics and how they fit into the clinical environment and teaching resources are provided, as well as options for faculty development. Approaches to evaluation are presented, along with tools for assessing learner's beliefs and attitudes, knowledge and application of QI principles, project evaluation, competency and curriculum evaluation. If the goal is to empower the next generation of change agents, there remains a need for development of scientific methodology and scholarly work, as well as faculty development and support by institutions.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
61
审稿时长
5 days
期刊介绍: Recognized for its probing, comprehensive, and evidence-based reviews, Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care devotes each issue to a timely and practical topic in pediatric medicine, presented by leading authorities in the field. The journal offers readers easily accessible information that enhances professional experience and is pertinent to daily pediatric practice. Each issue''s review article is accompanied by an additional special feature designed to highlight a particular aspect of the topic presented.
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