将矿床与地壳缩颈联系起来:来自西阿尔卑斯山的见解

IF 4.4 2区 地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS Mineralium Deposita Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI:10.1007/s00126-023-01226-3
Nicolas Dall’Asta, Gianreto Manatschal, Guilhem Hoareau
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引用次数: 0

摘要

虽然许多研究将矿床的形成与裂谷和热液作用联系起来,但我们的研究重点是地壳颈缩与矿床的形成之间的关系。颈缩对应于裂谷定位的时间、位置和过程以及地壳和岩石圈的突变减薄。虽然从现今的裂陷边缘很好地识别和描述了颈缩,并进行了数值模拟,但对颈缩过程及其与矿床形成的可能联系知之甚少。我们介绍了从勃朗峰(Mont-Blanc)化石拆离系统的观测结果,这是为数不多的颈状拆离断层的暴露例子之一。流体沿断裂带流动,金属(主要是Pb和Zn)被浸出。这一过程与长石和黑云母在温度为200℃、盐度为5 ~ 20等wt%、H2O-NaCl (-KCl)组成下的热液分解有关。由此产生的富金属流体与主要富碳酸盐单元反应,在基底和沉积盖层中形成铅锌矿床。因此,可以证明流体和反应辅助的硅酸盐分解、沿剥离断层的金属转移和圈闭与颈缩期间上覆沉积岩之间存在直接联系。类似的矿床可以在整个西阿尔卑斯山的内部外部结晶地块中找到,这被解释为阿尔卑斯特提斯山脉的前颈域。这表明颈缩与铅锌矿床的形成可能密切相关,如果这一假设正确,则有可能预测裂谷、裂谷边缘和重新激活的裂谷边缘形成碰撞山带中的额外铅锌钡氟资源。
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Linking mineral deposits to crustal necking: insights from the Western Alps

Although many studies link mineral deposit formation to rifting and hydrothermal processes, we present a study that focuses on the relationship between crustal necking and mineral deposit formation. Necking corresponds to the timing, location, and process of rift localization and abrupt crustal and lithospheric thinning. Although necking is well identified and described from present-day rifted margins and has been modeled numerically, little is known about the necking process and its possible link to ore deposit formation. We present observations from the Mont-Blanc fossil detachment system, one of the few exposed examples of a necking detachment fault. We show that fluids flowed along the fault zone and leached metals (mainly Pb and Zn). This process was associated with the hydrothermal breakdown of feldspar and biotite at temperatures of 200 °C and salinities ranging from 5 to 20 eq. wt% with a H2O-NaCl (-KCl) composition. The resulting metal-rich fluids reacted with mainly carbonate-rich units to form Pb-Zn ore deposits in basement and sedimentary cover rocks. A direct link can, therefore, be demonstrated between fluid and reaction-assisted breakdown of silicates, metal transfer and trapping along detachment faults, and the overlying sedimentary rocks during necking. Similar ore deposits can be found throughout the inner External Crystalline Massif of the Western Alps, interpreted as the former necking domain of the Alpine Tethys. This leads to the suggestion that necking and Pb-Zn deposit formation may be closely linked, a hypothesis, if correct, that has the potential to predict additional Pb-Zn-Ba-F resources in rifts, rifted margins, and reactivated fossil rifted margins forming collisional mountain belts.

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来源期刊
Mineralium Deposita
Mineralium Deposita 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
61
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The journal Mineralium Deposita introduces new observations, principles, and interpretations from the field of economic geology, including nonmetallic mineral deposits, experimental and applied geochemistry, with emphasis on mineral deposits. It offers short and comprehensive articles, review papers, brief original papers, scientific discussions and news, as well as reports on meetings of importance to mineral research. The emphasis is on high-quality content and form for all articles and on international coverage of subject matter.
期刊最新文献
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