改善护士对物质使用障碍的态度:筛查、短暂干预和转诊治疗。

Ashley Manzotti, Shannon Avery-Desmarais, Maria Ducharme, Kathleen Elliott, Kara Misto
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摘要

摘要:物质使用障碍(SUD)患者在就医过程中遇到诸多障碍,包括医护人员的消极态度。据报道,与其他医疗保健专业相比,护士对SUD患者的宽容态度较差。知识获取与角色支持相结合可以改善护士对SUD患者的治疗态度。筛查、短暂干预和转诊治疗(SBIRT)是一种以证据为基础的教育干预,旨在改善高危患者和SUD患者的预后。SBIRT教育已被证明是对持证护士有效的教育工具。因此,本研究的目的是评估2小时的SBIRT教育课程(Mitchell et al., 2013)是否能改善护士对SUD患者的治疗态度。Peplau的人际关系理论指导了本研究,强调了护患关系。采用准实验前测/后测设计评估护士在2小时教育课程前后的态度。参与者包括新英格兰一家拥有247张床位的教学医院的65名注册护士。在教育课程前后,使用20项、5个分量表的药物和药物问题认知问卷来测量态度。进行配对t检验,显示干预后态度的统计学显著改善。先前受教育程度与基线态度显著相关。以实践环境、SUD家族史和先前教育为因变量的标准回归模型不能预测基线态度。结果表明,开展SBIRT应被视为一项强制性的护理能力,无论是在本科课程中还是在执业护士中。
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Improving Nurses' Attitudes Toward Substance Use Disorder: Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment.

Abstract: Patients with substance use disorder (SUD) encounter many barriers to healthcare, including negative attitudes of healthcare personnel. Compared with other healthcare professions, nurses have been reported as having less tolerant attitudes toward patients with SUD. Knowledge acquisition combined with role support has been shown to improve therapeutic attitudes of nurses toward patients with SUD. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based educational intervention aimed to improve the outcomes of patients at risk and with SUD. SBIRT education has been shown as an effective educational tool with licensed nurses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether a 2-hour educational session on SBIRT (Mitchell et al., 2013) improved the therapeutic attitudes of nurses toward patients with SUD. Peplau's theory of interpersonal relations guided this study with an emphasis on the nurse-patient relationship. A quasi-experimental pretest/posttest design was used to evaluate nurses' attitudes pre and post a 2-hour educational session. Participants included 65 registered nurses employed in a 247-bed teaching hospital in New England. Attitudes were measured before and after the educational session using the 20-item, five-subscale Drug and Drug Problems Perceptions Questionnaire. A paired t test was performed, showing statistically significant improvements in attitudes postintervention. Prior education on SUD significantly correlated with baseline attitudes. A standard regression model, with practice setting, family history of SUD, and prior education as dependent variables, was not predictive of baseline attitudes. The results suggest conducting SBIRT should be considered a mandatory nursing competency, both in undergraduate curriculum and among licensed nurses.

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