Journal of addictions nursing最新文献

Background: Stigma is a key barrier to accessing or receiving substance use services. Those with substance use disorders (SUD) who seek health care services experience stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from health care providers, including nurses. Integrating substance use-related content into core courses for advanced practice nursing students may help reduce stigma and prepare them to assist patients with SUDs across various specialties where advanced practice nurses work. This exploratory descriptive study assessed advanced practice nursing students' attitudes and stigma perceptions related to caring for people with alcohol and drug use.

Method: An online survey was used to obtain demographic information and responses to three established measures focusing on substance use-related attitudes, perceptions, and stigma. Data were collected from students (baseline group) scheduled to take core required "3P" courses (Physical Assessment, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacotherapy) into which enhanced substance use-related content was infused. A separate group (postcourse) completed the measures after the enhanced courses. Descriptive statistics were obtained for demographic data, and means and standard deviations were calculated for subscales and total scores of the Person-Centered Drug and Drug Problems Perception Questionnaire, the Person-Centered Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire, and the Opening Minds Scale to examine differences before and after the enhanced content.

Results: Eleven students completed the baseline survey and 12 completed the postcourse survey. Although statistical comparison was not possible, postcourse responses reflected more favorable attitudes toward people with SUD.

Conclusion: The more favorable attitudes following the 3P courses are promising. Future research should use more rigorous pre-post or longitudinal designs.

Background: Adolescent use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) has surged despite declining traditional cigarette use among this demographic cohort. E-cigarettes have become the most popular tobacco product among middle and high school students in the United States, with over 2 million reporting current use. Social media plays a critical role in this trend, offering pervasive marketing and positive portrayals that normalize e-cigarette use.

Purpose: This study examines the specific features of e-cigarette-related content on social media platforms that attract adolescents and influence both their initiation and continued use of e-cigarettes.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 adolescents aged 15-18 who were current or past e-cigarette users. Participants, recruited via social media, shared their experiences with e-cigarette-related content. Thematic analysis identified key themes and patterns in their narratives.

Results: The study revealed how social media e-cigarette-related features appeal to adolescents, influencing their initiation and continued use of e-cigarettes. The thematic analysis identified three primary themes: the appeal of product features, influencers' and celebrities' endorsements, and entertainment and engagement (such as vape tricks).

Conclusions: These findings underscore the complex interplay between social media exposure and adolescent e-cigarette use, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions and stricter advertising regulations to address the rising e-cigarette use among adolescents.

Purpose: This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of a solution-focused stress management program on emotional eating and digital game addiction in nursing students.

Design and methods: A pretest-posttest control group, randomized controlled study design was employed. The sample of the study consisted of 60 nursing students, including n = 30 in the intervention and n = 30 in the control group. Data were collected using a personal information form, the emotional eating scale, and the game addiction scale.

Results: While there was no statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the intervention and control groups on the emotional eating and game addiction scales before the implementation of the solution-focused stress management program ( p > .05), the mean scores of the study group on these two scales decreased significantly compared with the control group after the intervention ( p < .05). A significant negative increase was observed in the mean emotional eating scale score of the control group, but no significant difference was detected in the mean game addiction score in the posttest.

Conclusions: The solution-focused stress management program reduced the emotional eating and gaming addiction behaviors of the students in the intervention group. The program can be used to develop effective stress-coping behaviors and prevent emotional eating and gaming addiction in risky adolescents within the scope of community mental health practices.

Practice implications: Based on the results of this study, solution-focused stress management programs can be implemented by psychiatric nurses to prevent emotional eating and digital gaming addiction.

Background: Alcohol is the most prevalent psychoactive substance in the Indian context. This affects the individual, family, and society extensively. Despite numerous advances in the treatment of alcoholism, relapse remains a common cause of concern. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of tele-nursing intervention (TNI) to improve alcohol-related outcomes among rural men with alcohol use disorder.

Methods: This two-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in an addiction treatment unit of tertiary mental care setting, India, between January 2022 and April 2023. One hundred sixty-four participants diagnosed with alcohol dependent syndrome were randomly assigned to receive TNI (n = 81) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 83). Participants of both groups were initially assessed for craving, quantity, and frequency of alcohol consumption and severity of alcohol use. TNI participants received 8 video-enabled cue exposure group sessions, periodic mobile phone interventions, and text message reminders after discharge along with routine treatment (TAU) at de-addiction wards. TAU group participants received only routine treatment, which includes detoxification and long-term medication to deal with craving along with individual educational sessions on harmful effects of alcohol use and advice about quitting alcohol. All the participants were followed up over 6 months postdischarge.

Results: Over 6 months follow-up TNI group subjects (vs. TAU group) reported significantly decreased craving scores (F = 6.677, p < .000, η2 = 0.134), drinking days (F = 17.26, p < .000, η2 = 0.254), quantity of alcohol consumption (F = 26.32, p < .000, η2 = 0.252), AUDIT scores (F = 13.97, p < .000, η2 = 0.152), and lesser relapse rates (p < .007).

Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that TNIs are effective in improving alcohol-related outcomes among rural men with alcohol use disorder. This study provides empirical evidence for the use of TNIs in the management of alcohol dependence. These low-cost approaches could overcome barriers to implement face-to-face interventions in clinical setting.

Opioid overdose is a leading cause of death in the United States. While buprenorphine reduces mortality by 76% for people with opioid use disorder, the rising prevalence of fentanyl and other high-potency synthetic opioids has complicated traditional induction methods. Even when best practices are followed, patients can experience increased withdrawal symptoms due to the interaction between buprenorphine and fentanyl. Withdrawal negatively affects treatment engagement, retention, and outcomes. In an addiction treatment unit at a large, southeastern academic medical center, various induction methods are used without a standardized protocol. Using Define-Measure-Analyze-Design-Verify and the CDC's Framework for Programmatic Evaluation, the team evaluated best practices for buprenorphine induction through retrospective chart analysis and focused literature review. This led to the development of an evidence-based practice protocol. In the chart review (n = 21), 71.4% (n = 15) of patients completed induction; withdrawal symptoms (n = 6) were the main reason for treatment discontinuation. Only 42% of patients had a documented Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale score, which limited the ability to measure withdrawal. Since withdrawal symptoms pose a major barrier to successful induction, our team created a method selection and titration protocol for low-dose buprenorphine induction with overlapping opioid agonism with stakeholder feedback. Inconsistent Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale documentation identified in the review also supports the need to standardize withdrawal assessment.

There is a high individual, family, community, and societal cost to substance use disorder (SUD). However, the real cost is the loss of lives. Nurses have an important role in combating the SUD epidemic. Nurses work in a variety of settings and have opportunities to interact with patients and families experiencing SUDs. These findings are part of a larger qualitative study that examined nurses' personal and professional experiences in caring for people with SUD and their families. This article reports on the nurses' experiences of challenges faced, treatment opportunities, and advice for nurses. After research board approval, nurses who had experience caring for patients with SUD and their families were recruited using purposive sampling. Individual, semi-structured interviews (n = 16) were conducted with nurses who worked in the following settings: emergency room, obstetrics, medical-surgical unit, pediatric intensive care unit, behavior/mental health, and home health. The interviews were audio recorded. Verified, deidentified transcripts were uploaded to NVivo 14. Thematic analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection until saturation was reached. The data were coded by two researchers independently, and coded text was discussed until a consensus was reached. Themes were described and supported by exemplars from the coded text. Findings contribute to the understanding of the nurses' challenges when caring for persons with SUD and their families and advice for other nurses. Additional research surrounding health care provider education, policy changes, and financial support are critical next steps.

Older adult Blacks have more opioid related deaths and medical problems than their White and Latino peers. The purpose of this study was to identify the differences of co-occurring medical conditions in older patients with opiate use disorder by race and ethnicity. It is a follow-up retrospective study that utilized a computer algorithm employed by a network of 43 Federally Qualified Health Centers in New York State to collect health record data on persons aged 55 and older with an opiate use disorder diagnosis from March 2020 to August 2020. The results are that older adult Blacks had higher incidences of heart or circulatory disorders, anemia, HIV/AIDS, and immunodeficiency than Whites or Latinos, but a lower incidence of a pain disorder diagnosis. While multiple factors account for these differences (e.g., cultural factors and social determinants of health) and provider bias should also be considered.