Dynamics of Virulence of Commensals: Preventive Phenotypical Mutability

Abstract

The peculiarities of the influence of cytokines and metabolites of the systemic inflammatory reaction and stress-implementing and nutritional factors contributing to the transformation of the phenotype of the resident intestinal microflora with an increase in its virulence are described. From the perspective of expression of genes and conformations of proteins and phospholipids, the influence of temperature as a signaling factor in increasing the virulence of the intestinal microbiome is considered. Evolutionarily formed mechanisms of expression of the maximum pathogenic phenotype of microorganisms and, thus, achieving an increase in their biomass and maximum dissemination through the microorganism compartments increase the probability of the transmission of commensals to another biotope, i.e., increases the probability of their survival after the death of the host organism. To prevent bacterial translocation after the relief of critical conditions, early enteral administration of β-glucans in food mixtures, iron excretion, and relief of inorganic phosphate deficiency, including by induction of alkaline phosphatase synthesis, are substantiated.