{"title":"面向可负担的基于3D物理的河流流量评级:在卢安瓜河流域的应用","authors":"Hubert T. Samboko, Sten Schurer, Hubert H.G. Savenije, Hodson Makurira, Kawawa Banda, Hessel Winsemius","doi":"10.5194/gi-2022-21","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<strong>Abstract.</strong> Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise Global Navigation Satellite System hardware, echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitor river flows. In short, the hardware can be used to produce the geometry. 3D hydrodynamic modelling offers a framework to establish relationships between river flow and state variables such as width and depth, while satellite images with surface water detection methods or altimetry records can be used to operationally monitor flows through the established rating curve. Uncertainties in the data acquisition may propagate into uncertainties in the relationships found between discharge and state variables. Variations in acquired geometry emanate from the different ground control point (GCP) densities and distributions which are used during photogrammetry-based terrain reconstruction. In this study, we develop a rating curve using affordable data collection methods and basic principles of physics. The specific objectives were to: determine how the rating curve based on a 3D hydraulic model compares with conventional methods; investigate the impact of geometry uncertainty on estimated discharge when applied in a hydraulic model; and investigate how uncertainties in continuous observations of depth and width from satellite platforms propagate into uncertainties in river flow estimates using the rating curves obtained. The study shows comparable results between the 3D and traditional river rating discharge estimations. The rating curve derived on the basis of 3D hydraulic modelling was within a 95 % confidence interval of the traditional gauging based rating curve. The physics-based estimation requires determination of the roughness coefficient within the permanent bed and the floodplain using field observation as both the end of dry and wet season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that variations in the density of GCPs beyond an optimal number (9) has no significant influence on the resultant rating relationships. Finally, the study observes that it depends on the magnitude of the flow which state variable approximation (water level & river width) is most promising to use. Combining stage appropriate proxies (water level when the floodplain is entirely filled, and width when the floodplain is filling) in data limited environments yields more accurate discharge estimations. The study was able to successfully apply low cost technologies for accurate river monitoring through hydraulic modelling. In future studies, a larger amount of in-situ gauge readings may be considered so as to optimise the validation process.","PeriodicalId":48742,"journal":{"name":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Towards Affordable 3D Physics-Based River Flow Rating: Application Over Luangwa River Basin\",\"authors\":\"Hubert T. Samboko, Sten Schurer, Hubert H.G. Savenije, Hodson Makurira, Kawawa Banda, Hessel Winsemius\",\"doi\":\"10.5194/gi-2022-21\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<strong>Abstract.</strong> Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise Global Navigation Satellite System hardware, echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitor river flows. In short, the hardware can be used to produce the geometry. 3D hydrodynamic modelling offers a framework to establish relationships between river flow and state variables such as width and depth, while satellite images with surface water detection methods or altimetry records can be used to operationally monitor flows through the established rating curve. Uncertainties in the data acquisition may propagate into uncertainties in the relationships found between discharge and state variables. Variations in acquired geometry emanate from the different ground control point (GCP) densities and distributions which are used during photogrammetry-based terrain reconstruction. In this study, we develop a rating curve using affordable data collection methods and basic principles of physics. The specific objectives were to: determine how the rating curve based on a 3D hydraulic model compares with conventional methods; investigate the impact of geometry uncertainty on estimated discharge when applied in a hydraulic model; and investigate how uncertainties in continuous observations of depth and width from satellite platforms propagate into uncertainties in river flow estimates using the rating curves obtained. The study shows comparable results between the 3D and traditional river rating discharge estimations. The rating curve derived on the basis of 3D hydraulic modelling was within a 95 % confidence interval of the traditional gauging based rating curve. The physics-based estimation requires determination of the roughness coefficient within the permanent bed and the floodplain using field observation as both the end of dry and wet season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that variations in the density of GCPs beyond an optimal number (9) has no significant influence on the resultant rating relationships. Finally, the study observes that it depends on the magnitude of the flow which state variable approximation (water level & river width) is most promising to use. Combining stage appropriate proxies (water level when the floodplain is entirely filled, and width when the floodplain is filling) in data limited environments yields more accurate discharge estimations. The study was able to successfully apply low cost technologies for accurate river monitoring through hydraulic modelling. In future studies, a larger amount of in-situ gauge readings may be considered so as to optimise the validation process.\",\"PeriodicalId\":48742,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2022-21\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Geoscientific Instrumentation Methods and Data Systems","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2022-21","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Towards Affordable 3D Physics-Based River Flow Rating: Application Over Luangwa River Basin
Abstract. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise Global Navigation Satellite System hardware, echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitor river flows. In short, the hardware can be used to produce the geometry. 3D hydrodynamic modelling offers a framework to establish relationships between river flow and state variables such as width and depth, while satellite images with surface water detection methods or altimetry records can be used to operationally monitor flows through the established rating curve. Uncertainties in the data acquisition may propagate into uncertainties in the relationships found between discharge and state variables. Variations in acquired geometry emanate from the different ground control point (GCP) densities and distributions which are used during photogrammetry-based terrain reconstruction. In this study, we develop a rating curve using affordable data collection methods and basic principles of physics. The specific objectives were to: determine how the rating curve based on a 3D hydraulic model compares with conventional methods; investigate the impact of geometry uncertainty on estimated discharge when applied in a hydraulic model; and investigate how uncertainties in continuous observations of depth and width from satellite platforms propagate into uncertainties in river flow estimates using the rating curves obtained. The study shows comparable results between the 3D and traditional river rating discharge estimations. The rating curve derived on the basis of 3D hydraulic modelling was within a 95 % confidence interval of the traditional gauging based rating curve. The physics-based estimation requires determination of the roughness coefficient within the permanent bed and the floodplain using field observation as both the end of dry and wet season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that variations in the density of GCPs beyond an optimal number (9) has no significant influence on the resultant rating relationships. Finally, the study observes that it depends on the magnitude of the flow which state variable approximation (water level & river width) is most promising to use. Combining stage appropriate proxies (water level when the floodplain is entirely filled, and width when the floodplain is filling) in data limited environments yields more accurate discharge estimations. The study was able to successfully apply low cost technologies for accurate river monitoring through hydraulic modelling. In future studies, a larger amount of in-situ gauge readings may be considered so as to optimise the validation process.
期刊介绍:
Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems (GI) is an open-access interdisciplinary electronic journal for swift publication of original articles and short communications in the area of geoscientific instruments. It covers three main areas: (i) atmospheric and geospace sciences, (ii) earth science, and (iii) ocean science. A unique feature of the journal is the emphasis on synergy between science and technology that facilitates advances in GI. These advances include but are not limited to the following:
concepts, design, and description of instrumentation and data systems;
retrieval techniques of scientific products from measurements;
calibration and data quality assessment;
uncertainty in measurements;
newly developed and planned research platforms and community instrumentation capabilities;
major national and international field campaigns and observational research programs;
new observational strategies to address societal needs in areas such as monitoring climate change and preventing natural disasters;
networking of instruments for enhancing high temporal and spatial resolution of observations.
GI has an innovative two-stage publication process involving the scientific discussion forum Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions (GID), which has been designed to do the following:
foster scientific discussion;
maximize the effectiveness and transparency of scientific quality assurance;
enable rapid publication;
make scientific publications freely accessible.