撒哈拉以南非洲的农场位置和职业选择:对坦桑尼亚农户的影响

IF 5.6 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Emerging Markets Review Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI:10.1016/j.ememar.2023.101086
Japhet Zephyr Mtaturu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了坦桑尼亚农户在农业和非农业部门的职业选择中由于农场区位效应如何使用劳动力应对策略。本文运用多项logit边际效应模型,考察农户在农业以外的创收活动是否多元化。它采用了来自世界银行生活水平衡量研究(LSMS)的三轮小组数据,该研究是在坦桑尼亚开展的,是一个典型的SSA经济体。关键发现表明,每增加一公里,农户就会选择非农业自谋职业部门,以应对相关的成本和收入风险,从农业部门转移劳动力。对远地和近地家庭之间的比较结果显示,在7.8 公里以外每增加一公里的农田,一个典型的家庭从农业部门搬迁的工作日要比在靠近家庭住所的农田搬迁的工作日多20天。另外,平均每户向非农业个体户分配的劳动日比向住宅附近的农田分配的劳动日多13天。没有关于非农业有薪部门的劳动力流动的经验证据。从调查结果来看,政策前景意味着改善农村运输技术和基础设施,以遏制由于偏远农田造成的收入损失。
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Farm location and occupational choices in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for agricultural households in Tanzania

This paper examines how agricultural households in Tanzania use a labor coping strategy in occupational choices between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors due to farm locational effect. It investigates whether agricultural households diversify their income generating activities away from agriculture by using Multinomial logit Marginal Effects model. It employs three rounds panel data from the World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) carried out in Tanzania as a typical case of SSA economies. The key finding indicates that for each additional kilometer from their residences, households choose non-agricultural self-employment sector by relocating labor from agricultural sector in response to the associated costs and income risks. The comparable results between distant and farmlands nearby households reveal that for farmlands located in each additional kilometer beyond 7.8 km, a typical household relocates away 20 more labor days from agricultural sector compared to the number of days relocated for a similar effect on a farmland located in close proximity to household residence. Meanwhile, the average household allocates 13 more labor days to non-agricultural self-employed sector compared to the number of labor days allocated to a farmland located in close proximity to household residence. There is no empirical evidence on labor movements to and from the non-agricultural waged sector. The policy outlook from the findings implies improvement of rural transport technology and infrastructure in order to curb the income loss due to distant farmlands.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
85
审稿时长
100 days
期刊介绍: The intent of the editors is to consolidate Emerging Markets Review as the premier vehicle for publishing high impact empirical and theoretical studies in emerging markets finance. Preference will be given to comparative studies that take global and regional perspectives, detailed single country studies that address critical policy issues and have significant global and regional implications, and papers that address the interactions of national and international financial architecture. We especially welcome papers that take institutional as well as financial perspectives.
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