Nikita S. Vassetzky, Sergei A. Kosushkin, Alexey P. Ryskov
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引用次数: 0
摘要
许多真核生物的基因组都含有串联和穿插两种形式的 DNA 重复序列,它们具有不同的结构、进化历史以及出现和扩增机制。尽管人们对它们的多样性有相当多的了解,但很少有证据能直接将这两种类型联系起来。在 56 个有鳞类爬行动物基因组中发现了不同的串联重复序列,这些序列来自属于不同家族的短穿插元件(SINE)。对 SINE 衍生卫星(sSats)的所有位点进行了深入分析。蛇类的 sSats 在结构和拷贝数方面都表现出高度的相似性,而其他类群的 sSats 可能具有高度的多样性(壁虎)、稀有性(Darevskia 蜥蜴)或缺失性(agamid 蜥蜴)。与大多数与异染色质相关的卫星类似,sSats 也可能与染色体次单粒体区域有关。发现的源自 SINEs 的串联重复序列具有类似卫星的特性,尽管它们的扩增程度不如典型的卫星。在众多有鳞类物种中,不同的 SINE 家族自主出现了不同的卫星,这表明卫星的形成过程并非随机,而是源于重复的 SINEs。
The genomes of many eukaryotes contain DNA repeats in the form of both tandem and interspersed elements with distinct structure, evolutionary histories, and mechanisms of emergence and amplification. Although there is considerable knowledge regarding their diversity, there is little evidence directly linking these two types. Different tandem repeats derived from portions of short interspersed elements (SINEs) belonging to different families were identified in 56 genomes of squamate reptiles. All loci of SINE-derived satellites (sSats) were thoroughly analyzed. Snake sSats exhibited high similarity in both structure and copy number, while other taxa may have highly diverse (geckos), rare (Darevskia lizards), or missing sSats (agamid lizards). Similar to most satellites associated with heterochromatin, sSats are likely linked to subtelomeric chromosomal regions. Discovered tandem repeats derived from SINEs exhibit satellite-like properties, although they have not amplified to the same degree as typical satellites. The autonomous emergence of distinct sSats from diverse SINE families in numerous squamate species suggests a nonrandom process of satellite genesis originating from repetitive SINEs.
期刊介绍:
Mobile DNA is an online, peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes articles providing novel insights into DNA rearrangements in all organisms, ranging from transposition and other types of recombination mechanisms to patterns and processes of mobile element and host genome evolution. In addition, the journal will consider articles on the utility of mobile genetic elements in biotechnological methods and protocols.