西北太平洋地区针叶林再生直接播种:操作实践的过去、现在和未来

IF 1.8 3区 农林科学 Q2 FORESTRY Journal of Forestry Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI:10.1093/jofore/fvad050
Rebecca Downer, Tiffani Manteuffel-Ross, Lydia Tymon, Matthew Aghai
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引用次数: 0

摘要

美国西北太平洋(PNW)森林是重要的生态、文化和休闲景观。在西北太平洋地区,直接播种帮助森林再生是为了降低造林成本和缩短造林时间而发展起来的。20 世纪 70 年代,由于种子捕食问题、缺乏有针对性的有利地点条件、种子分配问题以及苗圃育苗生产的改进等原因,这些做法基本停止。最近,由于需要重新造林的受干扰后地区的地理范围不断扩大,人们对直播研究重新产生了兴趣。人们日益认识到,通过种植树苗来满足重新造林的需求在后勤上是不可能的,这也支持了这种兴趣。本历史回顾重点介绍了西北太平洋地区直播研究和实践的发展历程。它描述了阻碍其广泛应用的主要障碍和改进机会。这些机会包括扩大种子采集工作的规模、提高播种方法的分布精度、提升种子质量评估以及减轻种子捕食和干燥。研究意义:由于野火更加频繁和严重,对重新造林的需求不断增加,因此树苗的供应越来越有限。有必要进一步研究作为树木人工再生策略的直接播种,以在操作上提高重新造林的能力,从而补充自然再生和树苗种植的不足。本研究总结了之前在西北太平洋地区进行的直播研究的结果,并将 (1) 改进种子采集工作,(2) 完善种子质量评估,(3) 规范种子播撒方法,以及 (4) 通过针对有利的地点条件和减少捕食来改进幼苗的建立作为未来研究的重点。
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Direct Seeding for Conifer Regeneration in the Pacific Northwest: A Past, Present, and Future of Operational Practices
United States Pacific Northwest (PNW) forests are important ecological, cultural, and recreational landscapes. Direct seeding to aid forest regeneration in the PNW region was developed to reduce reforestation costs and timelines. These practices were largely discontinued in the 1970s due to poor establishment resulting from issues of seed predation, a lack of targeting favorable site conditions, seed distribution issues, and improvements to nursery seedling production. A recent renewed interest in direct seeding research has resulted from the growing geographic extent of postdisturbance areas requiring reforestation. This interest is also supported by the increasing recognition of the logistical impossibility of satisfying reforestation demand via planted seedlings. This historical review highlights the timeline of direct seeding research and practice in the PNW. It describes the main obstacles to its widespread use and opportunities for improvement. These opportunities include upscaling seed collection efforts, increasing distribution precision of seeding methods, upgrading seed quality evaluations, and mitigating seed predation and desiccation. Study Implications: The availability of seedlings is increasingly limited due to the rising demand for reforestation as a result of more frequent and severe wildfires. Further research into direct seeding as an artificial regeneration strategy for trees is necessary to operationally increase reforestation abilities and thus supplement natural regeneration and seedling planting. This study summarizes findings from prior direct seeding studies in the Pacific Northwest region and identifies (1) improving seed collection efforts, (2) refining seed quality assessments, (3) standardizing seed dispersal methods, and (4) improving seedling establishment by targeting favorable site conditions and predation mitigation as key future research priorities.
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来源期刊
Journal of Forestry
Journal of Forestry 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
4.90
自引率
8.70%
发文量
45
审稿时长
>24 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forestry is the most widely circulated scholarly forestry journal in the world. In print since 1902, the mission of the Journal of Forestry is to advance the profession of forestry by keeping forest management professionals informed about significant developments and ideas in the many facets of forestry. The Journal is published bimonthly: January, March, May, July, September, and November.
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