多组学分析揭示明猪和约克夏猪结肠微生物群与宿主之间的相互作用

Xiaoyu Huang, Huihui Li, Feng Cheng, Ligang Wang, Guoqing Cao, Lixian Wang, Lijun Shi
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摘要

在养猪业中,微生物制剂的采用越来越普遍。消化道微生物被认为是影响猪身体特征的关键因素。到目前为止,建立结肠微生物群与宿主之间的联系仍然具有挑战性。本研究建立了民猪和约克猪增重模型。收集2只体重相近的纯种猪(n = 8/组)的结肠内容物和结肠组织进行多组学分析。通过结肠菌群的差异分析,闽猪的拟杆菌、Phocaeicola、Roseburia和副杆菌的相对丰度显著高于约克猪,而链球菌、Vescimonas、liilactobacillus和乳球菌的相对丰度显著高于约克猪。功能注释表明闽猪结肠菌群具有丰富的饲粮多糖和免疫调节能力。通过结肠微生物群与结肠内容物代谢组学或结肠组织转录组学的相关性分析,我们提供了微生物与宿主的直接和间接关系。经验证,Min猪结肠组织中Occludin、ZO‐1和pIgR的含量以及结肠内容物中sIgA、sIgG和sIgM的含量显著高于约克郡猪。本研究揭示了闽猪和约克猪结肠微生物群的特征和功能,并分析了它们与宿主的相互作用。此外,我们还鉴定了免疫相关的微生物。这些结果为理解猪结肠微生物群对表型形成的影响提供了理论基础。
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Multi‐omics analyses reveal the interaction between colonic microbiota and host in Min and Yorkshire pigs
Adoption of microbial preparations is becoming more and more prevalent in the pig breeding industry. Digestive tract microbes are recognized as crucial elements affecting physical characteristics of pigs. Until now, it is still challenging to establish connections between colonic microbiome and the host. In this study, weight gain models were created for Min and Yorkshire pigs. The colonic contents and colonic tissues were collected from two pig purebred strains (n = 8/group) with similar weights for multi‐omics analysis. By difference analysis of colonic microbiota, Min pigs observed a significantly higher relative abundance of Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Roseburia, and Parabacteroides, and Yorkshire pigs had a strongly higher relative abundance of Streptococcus, Vescimonas, Ligilactobacillus, and Lactococcus. Functional annotation showed that the colonic microbiota of Min pigs had extensive dietary polysaccharide and immunomodulatory capacity. Through the correlation analysis of colonic microbiota with metabolomics of colonic content or transcriptomics of colonic tissues, we provided direct and indirect relationships of microorganisms and hosts. By verification, the contents of Occludin, ZO‐1, and pIgR in colonic tissue and sIgA, sIgG, and sIgM in colonic contents of Min pigs were significantly higher than that in Yorkshire pigs. This study revealed characteristics and functions of the colonic microbiota in Min and Yorkshire pigs and analyzed their interactions with the host. Also, we identified immune‐related microorganisms. These results provided a theoretical basis for understanding the influence of colonic microbiota on phenotype shaping in pigs.
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