{"title":"作为中国河南省西部低山丘陵地区林牧系统效果指标的树木生长情况","authors":"Peisong Liu, Fan Cheng, Xinlong Wang, Zhipeng Liu, Liping Cheng, Weishuang Tong, Guang Qi, Lixuan Kou","doi":"10.3389/ffgc.2023.1244303","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The low hilly area is a major landform in the west of Henan province, China, and it is suffering soil and water loss because of human activities. The silvopastoral system that combines trees and grasses has been widely used to restore this fragile area. We conducted in situ field experiments in 2011 in the low hilly area of Henan province involving pure forests of Populus simonii (PS; Salicaceae), Platycladus orientalis (PO; Cupressaceae), Quercusvariabilis (QV; Fagaceae), and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP; Fabaceae), and also with each forest tree species being combined with Medicago sativa (MS; Fabaceae) as silvopastoral systems, i.e., PS-MS, PO-MS, QV-MS, and RP-MS, respectively. We recorded tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (TH) in the years 2014–2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022 for all the different vegetation types. Tree biomass load (TBL, i.e., tree biomass per unit area) was estimated based on DBH and TH using allometric equations for each tree species. Generally, the results showed that the DBH, TH, and TBL were promoted in the silvopastoral systems PS-MS, PO-MS, and QV-MS. Specially, the DBH and TBL of PS-MS and PO-MS tended to be higher and were significantly higher than the pure forests of PS and MS, respectively, in 2014–2016; the silvopastoral systems were not significantly different from the pure forests for DBH in 2018 and 2022, and for TBL in 2018 and 2020. TH was lower in PS-MS and PO-MS than that in PS and PO in 2014–2016, while there was no difference of TH between PS-MS and PS in 2018 and 2022, and TH was higher in PO-MS than that in PO in 2018, 2020 and 2022. The DBH, TH, and TBL were all higher in QV-MS than QV. The TBL in RP-MS was non-significant or lower compared to that in RP. Moreover, TBL tended to be lower in upslope positions than downslope in the pure forests, while there was no difference in most silvopastoral systems. In summary, PS and PO may be suggested as the tree species selection in vegetation restoration processes for about five years, QV may be a better alternative for a long term, while RP is not recommended.","PeriodicalId":12538,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change","volume":"129 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Tree growth as an effect indicator of silvopastoral systems in the low hilly area of western Henan province, China\",\"authors\":\"Peisong Liu, Fan Cheng, Xinlong Wang, Zhipeng Liu, Liping Cheng, Weishuang Tong, Guang Qi, Lixuan Kou\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/ffgc.2023.1244303\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The low hilly area is a major landform in the west of Henan province, China, and it is suffering soil and water loss because of human activities. The silvopastoral system that combines trees and grasses has been widely used to restore this fragile area. We conducted in situ field experiments in 2011 in the low hilly area of Henan province involving pure forests of Populus simonii (PS; Salicaceae), Platycladus orientalis (PO; Cupressaceae), Quercusvariabilis (QV; Fagaceae), and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP; Fabaceae), and also with each forest tree species being combined with Medicago sativa (MS; Fabaceae) as silvopastoral systems, i.e., PS-MS, PO-MS, QV-MS, and RP-MS, respectively. We recorded tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (TH) in the years 2014–2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022 for all the different vegetation types. Tree biomass load (TBL, i.e., tree biomass per unit area) was estimated based on DBH and TH using allometric equations for each tree species. Generally, the results showed that the DBH, TH, and TBL were promoted in the silvopastoral systems PS-MS, PO-MS, and QV-MS. Specially, the DBH and TBL of PS-MS and PO-MS tended to be higher and were significantly higher than the pure forests of PS and MS, respectively, in 2014–2016; the silvopastoral systems were not significantly different from the pure forests for DBH in 2018 and 2022, and for TBL in 2018 and 2020. TH was lower in PS-MS and PO-MS than that in PS and PO in 2014–2016, while there was no difference of TH between PS-MS and PS in 2018 and 2022, and TH was higher in PO-MS than that in PO in 2018, 2020 and 2022. The DBH, TH, and TBL were all higher in QV-MS than QV. The TBL in RP-MS was non-significant or lower compared to that in RP. Moreover, TBL tended to be lower in upslope positions than downslope in the pure forests, while there was no difference in most silvopastoral systems. In summary, PS and PO may be suggested as the tree species selection in vegetation restoration processes for about five years, QV may be a better alternative for a long term, while RP is not recommended.\",\"PeriodicalId\":12538,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change\",\"volume\":\"129 2\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-05\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1244303\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ECOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Frontiers in Forests and Global Change","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2023.1244303","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ECOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
低丘陵区是中国河南省西部的一个主要地貌,由于人类活动而遭受水土流失。结合树木和草的森林放牧系统已被广泛用于恢复这一脆弱地区。2011年,我们在河南省低丘陵区对西蒙杨(Populus simonii, PS;水杨科;侧柏;柏科(Quercusvariabilis);壳斗科)和刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia;豆科植物),以及与苜蓿(Medicago sativa, MS;分别采用PS-MS、PO-MS、QV-MS和RP-MS进行银相质谱分析。我们分别在2014-2016年、2018年、2020年和2022年记录了不同植被类型的胸径(DBH)和树高(TH)。利用异速生长方程,基于胸径和TH估算了树木生物量负荷(TBL,即单位面积树木生物量)。总体而言,PS-MS、PO-MS和QV-MS体系的胸径、TH和TBL均有显著提高。其中,2014-2016年,PS-MS和PO-MS的胸径和胸径有较高的趋势,显著高于PS和MS的纯林;2018年和2022年DBH和2018年和2020年TBL与纯林的差异不显著。2014-2016年PS- ms和PO- ms TH低于PS和PO, 2018年和2022年PS- ms与PS之间TH无差异,2018年、2020年和2022年PO- ms TH高于PO。QV- ms组DBH、TH、TBL均高于QV组。与RP组相比,RP- ms组TBL无显著性差异或低于RP组。此外,在纯森林中,TBL在上坡位置比下坡位置低,而在大多数森林系统中没有差异。综上所述,PS和PO可作为植被恢复过程中5年左右的树种选择,QV可能是较好的长期选择,RP不推荐。
Tree growth as an effect indicator of silvopastoral systems in the low hilly area of western Henan province, China
The low hilly area is a major landform in the west of Henan province, China, and it is suffering soil and water loss because of human activities. The silvopastoral system that combines trees and grasses has been widely used to restore this fragile area. We conducted in situ field experiments in 2011 in the low hilly area of Henan province involving pure forests of Populus simonii (PS; Salicaceae), Platycladus orientalis (PO; Cupressaceae), Quercusvariabilis (QV; Fagaceae), and Robinia pseudoacacia (RP; Fabaceae), and also with each forest tree species being combined with Medicago sativa (MS; Fabaceae) as silvopastoral systems, i.e., PS-MS, PO-MS, QV-MS, and RP-MS, respectively. We recorded tree diameter at breast height (DBH) and tree height (TH) in the years 2014–2016, 2018, 2020, and 2022 for all the different vegetation types. Tree biomass load (TBL, i.e., tree biomass per unit area) was estimated based on DBH and TH using allometric equations for each tree species. Generally, the results showed that the DBH, TH, and TBL were promoted in the silvopastoral systems PS-MS, PO-MS, and QV-MS. Specially, the DBH and TBL of PS-MS and PO-MS tended to be higher and were significantly higher than the pure forests of PS and MS, respectively, in 2014–2016; the silvopastoral systems were not significantly different from the pure forests for DBH in 2018 and 2022, and for TBL in 2018 and 2020. TH was lower in PS-MS and PO-MS than that in PS and PO in 2014–2016, while there was no difference of TH between PS-MS and PS in 2018 and 2022, and TH was higher in PO-MS than that in PO in 2018, 2020 and 2022. The DBH, TH, and TBL were all higher in QV-MS than QV. The TBL in RP-MS was non-significant or lower compared to that in RP. Moreover, TBL tended to be lower in upslope positions than downslope in the pure forests, while there was no difference in most silvopastoral systems. In summary, PS and PO may be suggested as the tree species selection in vegetation restoration processes for about five years, QV may be a better alternative for a long term, while RP is not recommended.