生活体验的语用学、体现和功效 评估瓦雷拉神经现象学的核心原理

IF 1.6 4区 心理学 0 PHILOSOPHY Journal of Consciousness Studies Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI:10.53765/20512201.30.11.190
T. Froese, J. Sykes
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引用次数: 1

摘要

Varela对认知科学的主动方法已经被阐述成一个关于代理、意义制造和社会性的理论框架,而他的关键方法论创新——神经现象学(NP)——继续激励着实证研究。我们认为,行为方法最初在NP中被表达为三个核心原则:(1)现象学语用学,(2)具身认知,(3)意识效能。然而,NP中的大多数努力都集中在原则1的应用上,而原则2受到的关注明显较少,甚至与原则3存在明显的距离。通过对四个案例研究的批判性回顾,我们展示了NP如何因此而缺乏其全部潜力。至关重要的是,它需要证明第一人称视角很重要,不仅作为与第三人称数据相关的来源,而且因为生活经验本身就对生命体的动态产生了影响。鉴于改进主观报告的方法已被人类神经科学所接受(原则1),并且鉴于在具体行动期间记录多标量生物体活动的可用性越来越高(原则2),我们建议现在是时候将这些研究结合起来,将意识效能作为一个支点(原则3)。在具身行动中,真正涉及经验的神经生理活动的发展有望以更强的形式重新启动神经现象学。
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The Pragmatics, Embodiment, and Efficacy of Lived Experience Assessing the Core Tenets of Varela's Neurophenomenology
Varela's enactive approach to cognitive science has been elaborated into a theoretical framework of agency, sense-making, and sociality, while his key methodological innovation — neurophenomenology (NP) — continues to inspire empirical work. We argue that the enactive approach was originally expressed in NP as three core tenets: (1) phenomenological pragmatics, (2) embodied cognition, and (3) conscious efficacy. However, most efforts in NP have focused on applying tenet 1, while tenet 2 has received notably less attention, and there is even explicit distancing from tenet 3. By way of a critical review of four case studies, we show how NP thereby falls short of its full potential. Crucially, it needs to demonstrate that the first-person perspective matters, not only as a source of correlations with third-person data, but because lived experience, as such, makes a difference in its own right to the living body's dynamics. Given that methods for improving subjective reports have become accepted in human neuroscience (tenet 1), and given the increasing availability for recording multi-scalar organismic activity during embodied action (tenet 2), we propose it is time to integrate these research strands by using this issue of conscious efficacy as a pivot point (tenet 3). The development of genuinely experience-involving accounts of neurophysiological activity during embodied action holds promise for rebooting neurophenomenology in stronger form.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
14.30%
发文量
58
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