Marko Porčić , Mihailo Radinović , Marija Branković , Aleksandra Jovanić
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引用次数: 0
摘要
了解物质文化传播中复制错误的本质,对研究文化进化的学生,尤其是研究进化考古学的学生来说,意义重大。在本文中,我们设置了一个经典的传递链实验,其中包括制作粘土拟人雕像,以探讨与三维物体生产相关的复制误差的本质。实验由四个独立的传输链组成,每个传输链有10个参与者。三个链是非专家链,因为他们由考古学和心理学的学生组成,没有受过正式的艺术训练。四是艺术系学生组成的专家链。我们的研究结果表明,专家和非专家之间的复制误差可预测地不同-它在专家链中较低。然而,在这两组中,误差都比模型预测的要高,模型假设复制误差仅仅是由于线性维度感知的不完善造成的。综上所述,这两个结果表明,正如最近制定的客体介导传输模型(Crema et al., 2023)所预测的那样,除了感知误差之外,执行误差对整体误差也有很大贡献。我们的实验结果还表明,这些错误往往是有偏差的,而不是随机的,这表明传播过程涉及文化吸引力理论所预期的转变。
Chinese whispers in clay: Copying error and cultural attraction in the experimental transmission chain of anthropomorphic figurines
Understanding the nature of copying errors in the cultural transmission of material culture is highly relevant for students of cultural evolution, especially in the field of evolutionary archaeology. In this paper, we set up a classic transmission chain experiment, which involves making clay anthropomorphic figurines, to explore the nature of the copying error related to the production of 3D objects. The experiment consists of four independent transmission chains, each with 10 participants. Three chains are non-expert chains, as they consist of students of archaeology and psychology with no formal training in arts. The fourth is an expert chain consisting of art students. Our results show that the copying error predictably differs between the experts and the non-experts – it is lower in the expert chain. However, in both groups, the error is higher than predicted by the models that assume that the copying error is only due to imperfections in the perception of linear dimensions. Taken together, these two results suggest that, in addition to the error in perception, the error in the execution contributes significantly to the overall error, as predicted by the recently formulated object-mediated transmission model (Crema et al., 2023). The results of our experiment also show that the errors are often biased rather than random, suggesting that the transmission process involves the transformations anticipated by the cultural attraction theory.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Archaeological Science is aimed at archaeologists and scientists with particular interests in advancing the development and application of scientific techniques and methodologies to all areas of archaeology. This established monthly journal publishes focus articles, original research papers and major review articles, of wide archaeological significance. The journal provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developing and applying scientific methods to inform major debates through improving the quality and reliability of scientific information derived from archaeological research.