Exploring the Advantages and Challenges of MR-Guided Radiotherapy in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Who are the Optimal Candidates?

The landscape of lung radiotherapy (RT) has rapidly evolved over the past decade with modern RT and surgical techniques, systemic therapies, and expanding indications for RT. To date, 2 MRI-guided RT (MRgRT) units, 1 using a 0.35T magnet and 1 using a 1.5T magnet, are available for commercial use with more systems in the pipeline. MRgRT offers distinct advantages such as real-time target tracking, margin reduction, and on-table treatment adaptation, which may help overcome many of the common challenges associated with thoracic RT. Nonetheless, the use of MRI for image guidance and the current MRgRT units also have intrinsic limitations. In this review article, we will discuss clinical experiences to date, advantages, challenges, and future directions of MRgRT to the lung.