电磁辐射灭活微生物孢子的机制:综述

IF 5.2 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Journal of Future Foods Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI:10.1016/j.jfutfo.2023.11.004
Piyush Sharma , Arun Prasath Venugopal , Parag Prakash Sutar , Hongwei Xiao , Qi Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

孢子是无性细胞在不利条件下孢子化形成的生物结构。由于孢子对许多极端环境和条件都有很强的耐受性,它们可以逃过食品工业中的关键加工步骤并存活下来,这就带来了食品和健康安全问题,从孢子形成物导致的食源性疾病爆发报告的增加就可以看出这一点。在食品工业中,电磁辐射(EM)被用于快速去污和杀菌。许多研究报告称,由于电磁辐射会影响孢子的基因组材料和其他成分,从而破坏整体结构的稳定性并导致克隆死亡,因此用电磁辐射照射孢子后,孢子数量会大幅减少。然而,关于其失活机制和对这种损害的抵抗力的文献却很零散。本综述试图通过对科学成果和报告的集体研究,简明扼要地评估电磁辐射在孢子失活方面的潜力,并详细介绍其机理。它还简要介绍了孢子的形成过程、孢子的结构及其各组成部分在孢子抗破坏性中的作用。许多研究表明,将各种电磁处理方法结合起来可能是一种有效的孢子灭活方法,本报告对这些研究进行了详细讨论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Mechanism of microbial spore inactivation through electromagnetic radiations: a review

Spores are the biological structures formed out of sporulation from vegetative cells in adverse conditions. Being tolerant to many extreme environment and conditions, they escape and survives critical processing steps in the food industry that poses food and health safety problems, as is evident from the increase in reports of food-borne outbreaks due to spore-formers. Electromagnetic radiation (EM) is used for rapid decontamination and sterilization purposes in the food industry. Many studies have reported a greater reduction in spore population upon irradiation with EM rays due to its impact on genomic material and other components of spores that destabilises overall structure and brings clonogenic death. However, there is scattered literature regarding the mechanism of its inactivation and resistance against such damage. This review attempts to concisely evaluate the potential of electromagnetic radiations in spore inactivation and details its mechanism through a collective study of scientific results and reports. It also briefs about the process of sporulation, the structure of spores and the role of its components in the resistance of spores to damage. Many studies, which demonstrated that combining various EM treatments might be an effective way for inactivation of spores, were discussed in detail.

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