{"title":"行-汉密尔顿拉丁方阵和法尔科纳变体","authors":"Jack Allsop, Ian M. Wanless","doi":"10.1112/plms.12575","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"A <i>Latin square</i> is a matrix of symbols such that each symbol occurs exactly once in each row and column. A Latin square <math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0001\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/plms12575-math-0001.png\">\n<semantics>\n<mi>L</mi>\n$L$</annotation>\n</semantics></math> is <i>row-Hamiltonian</i> if the permutation induced by each pair of distinct rows of <math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0002\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/plms12575-math-0002.png\">\n<semantics>\n<mi>L</mi>\n$L$</annotation>\n</semantics></math> is a full cycle permutation. Row-Hamiltonian Latin squares are equivalent to perfect 1-factorisations of complete bipartite graphs. For the first time, we exhibit a family of Latin squares that are row-Hamiltonian and also achieve precisely one of the related properties of being column-Hamiltonian or symbol-Hamiltonian. This family allows us to construct non-trivial, anti-associative, isotopically <math altimg=\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0003\" display=\"inline\" location=\"graphic/plms12575-math-0003.png\">\n<semantics>\n<mi>L</mi>\n$L$</annotation>\n</semantics></math>-closed loop varieties, solving an open problem posed by Falconer in 1970.","PeriodicalId":49667,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Row-Hamiltonian Latin squares and Falconer varieties\",\"authors\":\"Jack Allsop, Ian M. Wanless\",\"doi\":\"10.1112/plms.12575\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"A <i>Latin square</i> is a matrix of symbols such that each symbol occurs exactly once in each row and column. A Latin square <math altimg=\\\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0001\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\" location=\\\"graphic/plms12575-math-0001.png\\\">\\n<semantics>\\n<mi>L</mi>\\n$L$</annotation>\\n</semantics></math> is <i>row-Hamiltonian</i> if the permutation induced by each pair of distinct rows of <math altimg=\\\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0002\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\" location=\\\"graphic/plms12575-math-0002.png\\\">\\n<semantics>\\n<mi>L</mi>\\n$L$</annotation>\\n</semantics></math> is a full cycle permutation. Row-Hamiltonian Latin squares are equivalent to perfect 1-factorisations of complete bipartite graphs. For the first time, we exhibit a family of Latin squares that are row-Hamiltonian and also achieve precisely one of the related properties of being column-Hamiltonian or symbol-Hamiltonian. This family allows us to construct non-trivial, anti-associative, isotopically <math altimg=\\\"urn:x-wiley:00246115:media:plms12575:plms12575-math-0003\\\" display=\\\"inline\\\" location=\\\"graphic/plms12575-math-0003.png\\\">\\n<semantics>\\n<mi>L</mi>\\n$L$</annotation>\\n</semantics></math>-closed loop varieties, solving an open problem posed by Falconer in 1970.\",\"PeriodicalId\":49667,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society\",\"volume\":\"9 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-12-19\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1112/plms.12575\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1112/plms.12575","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Row-Hamiltonian Latin squares and Falconer varieties
A Latin square is a matrix of symbols such that each symbol occurs exactly once in each row and column. A Latin square is row-Hamiltonian if the permutation induced by each pair of distinct rows of is a full cycle permutation. Row-Hamiltonian Latin squares are equivalent to perfect 1-factorisations of complete bipartite graphs. For the first time, we exhibit a family of Latin squares that are row-Hamiltonian and also achieve precisely one of the related properties of being column-Hamiltonian or symbol-Hamiltonian. This family allows us to construct non-trivial, anti-associative, isotopically -closed loop varieties, solving an open problem posed by Falconer in 1970.
期刊介绍:
The Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society is the flagship journal of the LMS. It publishes articles of the highest quality and significance across a broad range of mathematics. There are no page length restrictions for submitted papers.
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