短期干旱、施氮及其相互作用对黄土高原紫花苜蓿草地土壤微生物群落组成和功能基因的影响

IF 3.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI:10.3389/fsufs.2023.1332683
Ruobing Wang, Jingui Zhang, Tao Ma, Wenqiang Lv, Zhixin Zhang, Yuying Shen, Qian Yang, Xianzhi Wang, Jiaxuan Li, Qian Xiang, Long Lv, Jianjun Zhang, Jingyong Ma
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引用次数: 0

摘要

干旱和氮素添加是影响土壤微生物和土壤环境变化的重要因素。未来,干旱将变得更加频繁、更短、更严重。然而,人们对短期干旱和施氮条件下的土壤有机碳成分、酶活性以及土壤微生物群落的组成、结构和功能基因知之甚少。本研究利用元基因组测序技术探讨了黄土高原人工草地短期干旱、施氮及其相互作用下土壤微生物群落组成和功能基因的变化。结果表明:(I)短期干旱、施氮及其相互作用均增加了颗粒有机碳(POC)含量。(II)短期干旱增加了土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)和微生物生物量氮(MBN)的含量以及土壤酶的活性。(III) 短期干旱显著增加了细菌的α多样性,而短期干旱与施氮的交互作用提高了真菌的α多样性。(四)短期干旱与施氮的交互作用抑制了镰刀菌对植物病害的预防作用。(五)短期干旱提高了碳循环和氨基酸代谢相关基因的相对丰度,而施氮降低了碳循环相关基因的丰度,但提高了糖类生物合成和代谢相关基因的丰度。这些结果清楚地表明,短期干旱改变了土壤微生物群落的组成和功能基因。我们的研究表明,在未来短期干旱频繁发生的情况下,可以考虑通过施氮来维持土壤微生物群落的多样性,维持土壤的碳氮循环。
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Effects of short-term drought, nitrogen application and their interactions on the composition and functional genes of soil microbial communities in alfalfa grassland on the Loess Plateau
Drought and nitrogen addition are important factors influencing soil microorganisms and changes in the soil environment. In the future, droughts will become more frequent, shorter, and more severe. However, little is known about the soil organic carbon components, enzyme activity, and composition, structure, and functional genes of soil microbial communities under short-term drought and nitrogen application conditions. In this study, we used metagenomics sequencing technology to explore the changes in the composition and functional genes of soil microbial communities under short-term drought, nitrogen application, and their interactions in the artificial grasslands of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that (I) short-term drought, nitrogen application, and their interactions all increased the particulate organic carbon (POC) content. (II) Short-term drought increased the contents of soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), as well as soil enzyme activity. (III) Short-term drought significantly increased the bacterial alpha diversity, whereas the interactions of short-term drought and nitrogen application enhanced the fungal alpha diversity. (IV) The interactions of short-term drought and nitrogen application inhibited Fusarium to prevent plant diseases. (V) Short-term drought enriched the relative abundance of genes related to carbon cycling and amino acid metabolism, while nitrogen application reduced genes related to carbon cycling but enriched genes related to glycan biosynthesis and metabolism. These results clearly showed that, short-term drought altered the composition and functional genes of soil microbial communities. Our research suggests that in the event of frequent short-term droughts in the future, nitrogen addition can be considered to maintain the diversity of soil microbial communities and sustain soil carbon and nitrogen cycling.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
6.40%
发文量
575
审稿时长
14 weeks
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