Bilateral synchronous multiple lung cancer: an emerging problem

Aim: Multiple primary lung cancers are becoming increasingly recognised and pose diagnostic and staging uncertainties with challenging management options and prognostication. Case report: We describe a case of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer occurring bilaterally, and the steps in reaching the diagnosis, initial surgical management, the intensive follow-up this underwent, and how its subsequent recurrence led to treatment with radiation therapy in light of the patient's declining fitness. Discussion: This case highlighted that cytological recurrence could occur prior to radiological recurrence, especially for endobronchial tumors, and intensive follow-up both radiologically and endoscopically with multidisciplinary input is crucial in the management of these challenging cases where evidence-based guidelines are limited.