Beyond ‘fast’ and ‘slow’: explicating the multiple temporalities of policy mobilities

Research on ‘policy mobilities’ investigates the ways in which policies and ideas flow from one place to another across interconnected spatial and temporal boundaries. However, scholars have argued that policy mobilities literature has primarily focussed its analysis on the ‘spatial’ rather than the ‘temporal’. In evaluating the extent to which policy mobilities research has critically engaged with ‘time’, this paper aims to advance a temporal understanding of how policies and models circulate across the globe. Drawing from mobilities studies more broadly, the paper proposes four distinct temporal concepts – rhythms, tempos, synchronicity and disjuncture, and timing agents – to acknowledge the multiple and varied temporalities involved in the movement and assemblage of policies. After a comprehensive literature review, the paper sets out to operationalize the four temporal concepts in the context of COVID-19. Under the urgent conditions of a global health crisis, the pandemic has seen fast-shifting benchmarks and best practices circulate around the world aimed at suppressing the spread of the virus. Focusing on COVID-19 regulations in Singapore, the paper adopts a ‘multiple temporalities approach’ to interrogate how expertise and knowledge regarding pandemic response circulated within, to and from Singapore.