冠状病毒通过颅骨楔形板进入中枢神经系统的神经体液门

V. N. Nikolenko, M. Oganesyan, N. Rizaeva, A. T. Nikitina, M. Pavliv, А. V. Polyakova, E. A. Sozonova, M. Khabibov
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摘要

最新研究表明,大脑中有不同的引流系统。在脑脊液和间质的引流过程中,会形成脑内(颅内)淋巴,成为甘液系统的一部分。后来,淋巴系统又细分为血管周围间隙和血管旁间隙,但它们的存在尚未得到证实。这篇文章包含了有关楔形层的解剖结构、与年龄有关的变化、淋巴系统的特征以及该区域存在甘淋巴管的理论等数据。我们还假设,除了传统观点认为病毒通过血脑屏障或在免疫细胞的帮助下进入中枢神经系统(CNS)外,还有其他病原体进入的途径,例如通过甘液系统。本文探讨了脑脊液和间质通过神经系统和其他系统结构移动的可能途径。脊髓脊膜被认为是病毒进入中枢神经系统的可能入口,尤其是 SARS-CoV-2 病毒。在我们的综述中,我们分析了 SARS-CoV-2 在中枢神经系统中传播的可能机制,以及以前的病毒性疾病可能造成的后果。
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Neurohumoral gate for the entry of coronavirus into the central nervous system through the cribriform plate of the skull
Recent research has shown that there are different drainage systems in the brain. During the drainage of cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids, intracerebral (intracranial) lymph is formed, which becomes part of the glymphatic system. Later, the glymphatic system was subdivided into periand paravascular spaces, but their existence has not yet been proven. The article contains data on the anatomy of the lamina cribrosa, its age-related changes, the characteristics of the lymphatic system and the theory of the existence of glymphatic vessels in this area. We also hypothesize that in addition to the classical view, which assumes that viruses enter the central nervous system (CNS) through the blood-brain barrier or with the help of immune cells, there are other routes of pathogen entry, for example through the glymphatic system. Possible routes of movement of cerebrospinal and interstitial fluids through the structures of the nervous system and other systems are considered. The lamina cribrosa is considered a possible portal of entry for viruses into the CNS, in particular for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In our review, we analyzed the likely mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 spread in the central nervous system and the possible consequences of previous viral disease.
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