精致的口味,粗糙的口味:破解商品分层之谜

IF 1.3 4区 社会学 Q3 SOCIOLOGY Rationality and Society Pub Date : 2023-12-11 DOI:10.1177/10434631231220850
Elias L. Khalil
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引用次数: 0

摘要

商品分层 "表达了社会等级,其中地位较低的群体几乎只消费粗制商品,如兰博电影,而地位较高的群体则几乎只消费精致商品,如莎士比亚戏剧。对于社会福利函数(SWF)来说,"商品分层 "是一个谜,它也适用于个人效用函数层面。之所以说它是一个谜,是因为它使得社会福利函数和个人效用函数定义不清:没有一个单一的衡量标准可以让我们比较不同群体的效用函数,以及单个决策者(DM)的品味,因为他们是通过品味的细化来区分的。本文提出了一个有望解决 "商品分层之谜 "的模型。该模型与理性选择理论一致,从具有相同品味但收入水平不同的 DM 开始。如果收入不平等并不严重,DMs 在本文所称的 "复杂性资本"--即欣赏精致商品所需的教育--上的投资就会不同。对高雅资本的投资差异会引发难以逆转的地位分层。通过这种方式,本文提供了一个可靠的内生解释,解决了 "商品分层之谜"(Stratification-of-Goods Enigma)。
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Refined tastes, coarse tastes: Solving the stratification-of-goods enigma
The “Stratification-of-Goods” expresses social ranking where the lower status group consumes almost exclusively coarse goods such as Rambo films while the upper status group consumes almost exclusively refined goods such as Shakespearean plays. The Stratification-of-Goods is an enigma for the social welfare function (SWF)—which also applies at the level of the individual utility function. It is an enigma because it makes SWF and individual utility function ill-defined: there is no single metric that allows us to compare the utility functions across groups, as well as the tastes across a single decision maker (DM), insofar as they are segregated by the refinement of taste. This paper proposes a model that promises to solve the Stratification-of-Goods Enigma. The model, consistent with rational choice theory, starts with DMs who have identical tastes but differ with respect to income level. If income inequality is non-trivial, DMs invest differently in what this paper calls “sophistication capital”—the education needed to appreciate refined goods. The difference in investment in sophistication capital sets in motion dynamics that generates hard-to-reverse status stratification. In this fashion, this paper offers a solid endogenous account that solves the Stratification-of-Goods Enigma.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: Rationality & Society focuses on the growing contributions of rational-action based theory, and the questions and controversies surrounding this growth. Why Choose Rationality and Society? The trend toward ever-greater specialization in many areas of intellectual life has lead to fragmentation that deprives scholars of the ability to communicate even in closely adjoining fields. The emergence of the rational action paradigm as the inter-lingua of the social sciences is a remarkable exception to this trend. It is the one paradigm that offers the promise of bringing greater theoretical unity across disciplines such as economics, sociology, political science, cognitive psychology, moral philosophy and law.
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