医疗保健行业碳排放的现状和潜在演变:一篇叙述性评论文章

Dalia Mominkhan, Fahad A. Alamri, Manea Balharith, Muaddi Alharbi, Ahmed Alshebli, Sara Y. Alshareef, Abdulhemaid Khairaldain, Najla Almutairi, Abdulaziz Abusit, Yasir Almuzaini, Ahmed A. Alahmari, Mohammed K. Alabdulaali
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摘要

2014 年,全球超过 98% 的温室气体排放来自二氧化碳(CO2)、甲烷和一氧化二氮。一个世纪以来,二氧化碳排放量从 30.9 亿吨增至 371.2 亿吨。医疗保健行业是温室气体排放的主要来源之一。一个国家医疗保健系统的碳足迹受其国内经济、医疗保健支出和能源系统的影响。本研究旨在简要介绍全球范围内医疗保健行业的碳排放现状,以及为减少这些排放即将做出的努力。本研究利用 Medline PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Google Scholar 数据库,对 2005 年至 2023 年 4 月期间有关医疗保健行业气候变化、碳排放和温室气体的研究进行了叙述性综述。数据显示,一些国家的人均碳排放量高于其他国家。最近,气候变化缔约方大会(COP26)做出了大量努力,最终发布了实现零碳医疗行业的倡议。一些医疗实践、智能节能技术、数字医疗、人工智能技术和监测等方面的努力为减少碳排放做出了贡献。总之,零碳排放的医疗行业必须具有可持续性、适应性和高效性,同时提供安全、优质的医疗服务。解决该行业的碳足迹问题需要创新战略、多部门方法、医疗专业人员的参与、社区参与以及对排放和绩效指标的定期监测,以确保患者服务质量和医疗行业的低碳排放。
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The current state and potential evolution of carbon emissions in the healthcare sector: a narrative review article
Over 98% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions in 2014 came from carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and nitrous oxide. Over one century, CO2 emissions increased from 3.09 to 37.12 billion metric tons. The healthcare sector is one of the major sources of greenhouse gas emissions. The carbon footprint of a country's healthcare system is influenced by its domestic economy, healthcare expenditure, and energy system. The aim of this study is to present a concise of the present status of carbon emissions within the healthcare sectors on a global scale, as well as the forthcoming endeavors to mitigate these emissions. A narrative review of studies on climate change, carbon emissions, and greenhouse gases in the healthcare sector was conducted using Medline PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar databases from 2005 to April 2023. According to the data, several countries emit more carbon per capita than others. The Conference of the Parties on Climate Change (COP26) recently encompassed extensive efforts culminating in releasing initiatives toward zero-carbon healthcare sectors. Efforts in some medical practices, smart technology to save energy, digital health, artificial intelligence technology, and monitoring have contributed to reducing carbon emissions. In conclusion, the healthcare sector with zero carbon emissions must be sustainable, adaptable, and efficient while delivering safe, high-quality care. Addressing the sector's carbon footprint requires innovative strategies, a multisector approach, health professionals' participation, community engagement, and regular monitoring of emissions and performance indicators to ensure patient service quality and low carbon emissions in the healthcare sector.
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