复杂技术社会系统的语义特征:关于人工智能技术包的分类法

S. I. Dovguchits
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摘要

目的。这项工作的目的是通过丰富人工智能科学的概念框架,加强人工智能科学的科学和方法论装置。目前的人工智能科学概念框架没有反映出这一技术和社会经济现象的复杂性,因为它具有多种多样的能力和相互关联性,可以模仿人类的认知功能并取得可比的结果。文章作者构建了人工智能技术包的概念,根据人类认知和操作活动的各种类型描述了其系统属性、联系和功能要素。研究基于技术包的概念(方法)--具有系统属性的、在基因和功能上相互连接的成套技术。在俄罗斯和国际实践中,首次对人工智能技术包的基本(一般)分类进行了明确和结构化。提出了人工智能元技术包(元技术包)分类法。一般分类法可作为改进战略、方法文件和国家计划的工具,以确定国家或行业层面的人工智能系统发展。建议的技术包基本(通用)分类法和元技术包分类法使研究工作摆脱了对人工智能的局限性看法。它提高了人工智能作为一种复杂的社会技术现象在语义和方法上的清晰度,并有助于将人工智能系统和谐地融入国家的社会经济活动领域。因此,它可以作为进一步完善国家对人工智能发展的经济和法律监管的基础。
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Semantic features of complex technosocial systems: On the taxonomy of artificial intelligence technological packages
Objectives. The aim ofthis work is to enhance the scientific and methodological apparatus of artificial intelligence (AI) sciences by enriching their conceptual framework. The current conceptual framework of AI sciences does not reflect the intricate nature of this technological and socioeconomic phenomenon as possessing the diverse range of capabilities and the interconnectedness that allows for the imitation of human cognitive functions and comparable results. The author of the article structures the concept of the technological package of AI, describing its system properties, connections and functional elements based on the various types of human cognitive and operational activities.Methods. The research is based on the concept (method) of technological packages—genetically and functionally connected sets of technologies with system properties.Results. For the first time in Russian and international practice, the basic (general) taxonomy of the AI technological package has been specified and structured. A taxonomy of the AI metatechnological package (a package of metatechnologies) has been proposed. General taxonomy can serve as a tool for improving strategies, methodological documents and state programs to define the development of AI systems at state or industry level.Conclusions. The suggested basic (general) taxonomy oftechnological package and taxonomy of metatechnologies package allows research to move away from the limited view of AI. It increases semantic and methodological clarity in relation to AI as a complex technosocial phenomenon and contributes to the harmonized integration of AI systems intо the sphere of socioeconomic activities of the state. It can thus serve as a foundation for further improvement of state economic and legal regulation of AI development.
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