对鸽子协调反应的分析。

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI:10.1002/jeab.899
Brian R. Katz, Kennon A. Lattal
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对协调反应(即合作)的实验分析源于斯金纳(1962 年)描述的一个程序,在这个程序中,如果一对被试(二人组)在很短的时间间隔内都做出了反应,就会向他们提供强化物,从而满足协调的或然条件。尽管有人认为这种或然性提高了时间协调反应的比率,但过去实验的局限性使人们对这一结论产生了疑问。本实验解决了其中的一些局限性,即在不同阶段和不同配对成员之间保持强化时间表不变(实验 1:固定比率 1;实验 2:可变间隔 20 秒),并在不同条件下改变可发生协调反应的反应键数量(1 到 3)。在大多数条件下,协调强化阶段比独立强化阶段的协调反应比例更高。实验 1 中单键条件下的一个例外似乎是独立强化阶段程序带来的变异性造成的。此外,在两种方案下,随着反应选项的增加,协调百分比都会下降。这些结果证实并扩展了协调条件比独立强化条件控制更高的时间协调反应率这一结论。
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An analysis of coordinated responding of pigeons

Experimental analyses of coordinated responding (i.e., cooperation) have been derived from a procedure described by Skinner (1962) in which reinforcers were delivered to a pair of subjects (a dyad) if both responded within a short interval, thus satisfying a coordination contingency. Although it has been suggested that this contingency enhances rates of temporally coordinated responding, limitations of past experiments have raised questions concerning this conclusion. The present experiments addressed some of these limitations by holding the schedule of reinforcement (Experiment 1: fixed ratio 1; Experiment 2; variable interval 20 s) constant across phases and between dyad members and by varying, in different conditions, the number of response keys (one to three) across which coordination could occur. Greater percentages of coordinated responding occurred under the coordinated-reinforcement phases than under independent-reinforcement phases in most conditions. The one exception during the one-key condition of Experiment 1 appeared to be a consequence of variability introduced by the independent-reinforcement phase procedure. Furthermore, coordination percentages decreased with increasing response options under both schedules. These results confirm and extend the finding that coordination contingencies control higher rates of temporally coordinated responding than independent-reinforcement contingencies do.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
期刊最新文献
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