模拟多面穹顶金属杆框架的应力应变状态以进行合理设计

Volodymyr O. Popov, Alina V. Popova, Olena S. Baranetska
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摘要

该论文进一步发展了无固定地基的大地穹顶形式带支撑框架薄壁壳体的计算方法。对带有帐篷双层盖板的框架可拆卸穹顶的基本设计方案进行了详细分析,穹顶内层可用作三维影院的投影屏幕,这种穹顶在娱乐业越来越受欢迎。考虑到在风、雪、冰和其他气候影响下的技术孔洞和刚度结构元素,已开发出底座直径为 13.5 米的穹顶的高度详细的有限元模型。同时,还对穹顶框架与底座的各种连接方案进行了建模。根据稳定性标准,已经证明对圆顶结构影响最大的是风的影响。同时还证明,如果没有与底座的可靠连接,土工穹顶的框架-杆帐篷结构无法安全运行。已经确定了框架核心部件中受各种荷载影响内应力最大的区域,以及框架与底座连接的所有可能方案。考虑了结构变形和可能破坏的一般性质,以及失去稳定性的问题。结果表明,受力最大的结构包括帐篷盖和杆系连接处的螺栓紧固件。提出了在临时土质建筑工地使用土工螺钉或金属螺旋桩锚固框架穹顶结构的合理方法。证明了使用压载物在五个极对称点锚固穹顶支撑构件的可能性。制定了关于合理设计框架穹顶系统的建设性建议。制定了框架式地质穹顶进一步安全运行的技术规范,并概述了该主题进一步科学研究的方向。
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SIMULATION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF METAL ROD FRAME OF THE GEODESIC DOMES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN
The paper contains the further developed of method for calculating thin-walled shells with supporting frame in the form of geodesic domes without a stationary foundation. Have been performed the detailed analysis of the fundamental design solutions of frame demountable domes with tent double-layer cover, the inner layer of which serves as a projection screen of three-dimensional cinemas, which are gaining popularity in the amusement industry. Have been developed highly detailed finite element models of dome with a base diameter of 13.5 m, taking into account technological holes and structural elements of rigidity under the influence of wind, snow, ice and other climatic influences. Have been modeled at the same time, various options for connecting the dome frame to the base. Have been proven that the worst influence on the dome structures is the wind influence, based on the stability criterion. Have been proven at also that the frame-rod tented construction of the geodome cannot function safely without reliable connection to the base. Have been identified, areas of the core elements of the frame with the highest internal stresses from various loads for all possible options for connecting the frame to the base. Have been considered the general nature of deformation and possible destruction of the structure, as well as the issue of loss of stability. Have been founded that the most stressed structures include the tent cover and bolted fasteners of the joints of the rod system. Have been proposed a rational method for anchoring frame dome structures at temporary earthen construction sites using geo-screws or metal screw piles. Have been proven the possibility of anchoring the supporting elements of the dome in five polar symmetrical points using ballast. Have been formulated the constructive recommendations regarding the rational design of frame dome systems. Have been developed the technological regulations for the further safe operation of frame geo-domes, and have been outlined the directions for further scientific research on this topic.
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