确定进料粉碎机切割粉碎过程的能耗

Rodion Popoldnev, B. Ziganshin, Aleksey V. Aleshkin, Andrey Dmitriev, Damir Haliullin, I. Gayfullin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项研究之所以具有现实意义,是因为需要在粉碎过程中降低能耗强度和饲料营养价值损失,同时改善质量指标。开展这项工作的目的是对饲料切碎机的设计和技术参数进行理论研究,并确定切割研磨过程的能耗。研究的科学新颖性在于确定切削功率和进给切碎机总驱动功率的数学模型。在进行研究时,使用了弹性理论、壳理论和断裂力学的一般科学原理,并考虑了植物饲料的物理、机械和技术特性。提出了一种装置,其设计具有以下优点:由于工作腔呈截顶锥形,确保了向切割区(刀片)均匀供应材料,从而使进料尺寸持续减小到符合工艺要求的尺寸,并提高了进料质量;能够改变旋转对切刀的倾斜角度,从而调整研磨过程的强度;由于粉碎的进料可自由进入卸料腔和翻抛刀片的原始形状,从而降低了研磨的能量强度。通过分析表达式,确定了每排刀片上一把刀的切割功、所有刀片每转一圈的总功以及转子驱动所需的功率。研究结果表明,研磨过程的能耗强度由切割成本、材料加速度和转子空转成本的总和决定。驱动切碎机所需的总功率取决于切碎机和反切刀的数量和几何特征、转子速度以及被粉碎材料的特性。
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DETERMINING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF THE PROCESS OF GRINDING BY CUTTING IN A FEED GRINDER
The relevance of the study is due to the need to reduce energy intensity and loss of nutritional value of feed while simultaneously improving quality indicators during the grinding process. The work was carried out with the aim of theoretical studies of the design and technological parameters of the feed chopper and determining the energy consumption of the grinding process by cutting. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the mathematical models for determining the cutting work and the total drive power of the feed chopper. When carrying out the research, the general scientific principles of the theory of elasticity, the theory of shells, and fracture mechanics were used, and the physical, mechanical and technological properties of feed of plant origin were also taken into account. A device is proposed, the design of which has the following advantages: a uniform supply of material to the cutting zone (to the knives) is ensured due to the working chamber in the form of a truncated cone, which leads to a consistent reduction in the size of the feed to those established by zootechnical requirements and improves its quality; the ability to change the angle of inclination of the rotary counter-cutting knives, which provides adjustment of the intensity of the grinding process; reduction in the energy intensity of grinding due to the free movement of crushed feed into the unloading chamber and the original shape of the tosser blade. Analytical expressions were obtained to determine the cutting work on each row of knives for one knife in a row, the total work of all knives per revolution, as well as the required power for the rotor drive. As a result of the research, it was established that the energy intensity of the grinding process is determined as the sum of the costs of cutting, acceleration of the material and idling of the rotor. The total power required to drive the chopper depends on the number, geometric characteristics of the chopper and counter-cutting knives, the rotor speed, and the properties of the material being crushed.
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